Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1998 Apr;98(4):446-50. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00101-1.
The study objectives were to gain insight into how the terms "dieting" and "binge eating" are understood and used by adolescents and to assess whether interpretations of these terms are consistent across age and gender. Twenty-five focus groups were conducted with 203 adolescents (138 girls and 65 boys) in urban public junior and senior high schools. Respondents were asked questions about dieting and binge eating behaviors. In the majority of groups (n=19), healthful eating behaviors, such as eating less fat or more fruits and vegetables, were mentioned in reference to dieting. However, in many of the groups (n=13) unhealthful eating behaviors, such as skipping meals or "starvation," were also described. Dieting was frequently described as an umbrella term for different behaviors aimed at weight control (ie, physical activity) or in nonbehavioral terms (ie, as a desire or plan for weight loss). Although binge eating was described as overeating by many participants, often it was not clear if youth were referring to uncontrolled overeating. In nearly half of the groups, participants indicated unfamiliarity with the term "binge eating." There was some confusion between binge eating and other forms of disordered eating. The findings suggest that prevalence rates of self-reported dieting and binge eating behaviors should be interpreted with caution and it should not be assumed that the majority of adolescents who self-report dieting are engaging in unhealthful behaviors. In providing nutrition counseling to youth, and in assessing dieting and binge eating behaviors in clinical settings and in research studies, specific behaviors should be defined.
本研究的目的是深入了解青少年如何理解和使用“节食”和“暴饮暴食”这两个术语，并评估这些术语在不同年龄和性别的解释上是否一致。在城市公立初中和高中，对203名青少年（138名女孩和65名男孩）进行了25个焦点小组访谈。受访者被问及有关节食和暴饮暴食行为的问题。在大多数小组（n = 19）中，提到节食时涉及到健康的饮食行为，如少吃脂肪或多吃水果和蔬菜。然而，在许多小组（n = 13）中，也描述了不健康的饮食行为，如不吃饭或“饥饿”。节食经常被描述为一个涵盖旨在控制体重的不同行为（如体育活动）或非行为方面（如减肥的愿望或计划）的总括性术语。虽然许多参与者将暴饮暴食描述为过度进食，但通常不清楚年轻人是否指的是无节制的过度进食。在近一半的小组中，参与者表示不熟悉“暴饮暴食”这个术语。暴饮暴食与其他形式的饮食失调之间存在一些混淆。研究结果表明，自我报告的节食和暴饮暴食行为的患病率应谨慎解释，不应假定大多数自我报告节食的青少年都在从事不健康行为。在为青少年提供营养咨询以及在临床环境和研究中评估节食和暴饮暴食行为时，应明确具体行为。
