Cline A D, Jansen G R, Melby C L
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1998 Apr;17(2):128-35. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1998.10718738.
To identify characteristics and factors associated with increased risk for stress fractures in military women.
Case-control study to retrospectively examine physical activity, prior calcium intake, and bone density as predictors of stress fractures.
A military training installation which incorporates physical training for women.
Forty-nine female soldiers with confirmed stress fractures (cases) and 78 female soldiers with no orthopedic injuries (controls), aged 18 to 33 years.
Retrospective self-reports of habitual exercise, sports participation, and food intake; current height, weight, and body mass index (BMI); demographic variables (age, ethnicity, menstrual patterns, smoking habits); and bone density on radiologically defined stress fractures.
Cases and controls were similar in height, weight, and BMI. Measurements of bone density (g/cm2) at the trochanter (cases, 0.77+/-0.09; controls, 0.77+/-0.08); femoral neck (cases, 0.94+/-0.10; controls, 0.94+/-0.09); Ward's triangle (cases, 0.91+/-0.11; controls, 0.93+/-0.11); lumbar spine (cases, 1.21+/-0.12; controls, 1.24+/-0.10); and radius shaft (cases, 0.67+/-0.09; controls, 0.68+/-0.05) were not different between groups. Calcium intake was not different between groups (cases, 1154+/-751 mg/day; controls, 944+/-513 mg/day) and did not correlate with bone density (r=0.01 to -0.06 at four sites). Sports participation positively correlated with bone density in the hip (r=0.49). Leisure activity energy expenditure (kcal/day) tended toward association with lower stress fracture risk as expenditure level increased (p=0.06).
Stress fracture in female Army recruits was not correlated with bone density or calcium intake during adolescence, although a weak relationship to prior physical activity was observed.
确定与军事女性应力性骨折风险增加相关的特征和因素。
病例对照研究，回顾性检查身体活动、既往钙摄入量和骨密度作为应力性骨折的预测因素。
一个为女性提供体育训练的军事训练机构。
49名确诊为应力性骨折的女性士兵（病例组）和78名无骨科损伤的女性士兵（对照组），年龄在18至33岁之间。
习惯性运动、体育活动参与情况和食物摄入量的回顾性自我报告；当前身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）；人口统计学变量（年龄、种族、月经模式、吸烟习惯）；以及放射学定义的应力性骨折部位的骨密度。
病例组和对照组在身高、体重和BMI方面相似。两组在大转子（病例组，0.77±0.09；对照组，0.77±0.08）、股骨颈（病例组，0.94±0.10；对照组，0.94±0.09）、沃德三角区（病例组，0.91±0.11；对照组，0.93±0.11）、腰椎（病例组，1.
