Rudloff E, Kirby R
Animal Emergency Center and Referral Services, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1998 Mar;28(2):297-328. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(98)82006-8.
Appropriate fluid therapy requires an understanding of fluid dynamics and pathologic alterations during various disease states. In addition, it requires an understanding of the pharmacologic differences of available fluids. Crystalloid fluids and colloid fluids can be used in combination to treat a variety of volume-deficient states. Synthetic colloids are also used to treat hyponcotic states. Blood products are used to replace blood components and coagulation proteins. Frequent monitoring and reassessment are required to prevent volume overload and life-threatening edema.
恰当的液体疗法需要了解各种疾病状态下的液体动力学和病理改变。此外,还需要了解现有液体的药理学差异。晶体液和胶体液可联合使用,以治疗各种容量不足状态。合成胶体也用于治疗低渗状态。血液制品用于补充血液成分和凝血蛋白。需要频繁监测和重新评估,以防止容量超负荷和危及生命的水肿。