Davis C, Kaptein S, Kaplan A S, Olmsted M P, Woodside D B
Department of Psychiatry, Toronto Hospital, Canada.
Psychosom Med. 1998 Mar-Apr;60(2):192-7. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199803000-00015.
Research has confirmed substantial links between OCD and AN. Not only are there psychopathological similarities between the two syndromes, but a marked neurochemical correspondence. Extensive exercising is a common feature of AN and also has relevance in its links with OCD. There is evidence from the exercise-induced weight-loss syndrome in animals that exercise and caloric restriction, in combination, tend to increase serotonergic activity in a synergistic manner. This syndrome has been proposed as a valid model of OCD as well as for AN. To date, little research has directly tested this theory in the human condition.
Fifty-three AN patients were categorized as high-level exercisers (N = 22) or moderate/nonexercisers (N = 31) based on the frequency of their physical activity over the year before assessment.
Exercisers scored significantly higher on a measure of OC personality characteristics, OC symptomatology, and perfectionism--a personality factor associated with the development of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder. On the other hand, there were no group differences on other salient eating disorder characteristics such as body esteem, self-esteem, or weight preoccupation. There were also no differences in degree of emaciation as indicated by Body Mass Index.
Findings suggest that among AN patients obsessional personality characteristics are linked to high-level exercising, and that exercising is associated with a greater degree of OC symptomatology. Results are discussed in the context of current theories of AN, OCD, and some biological mechanisms.
研究已证实强迫症（OCD）与神经性厌食症（AN）之间存在密切联系。这两种综合征不仅在精神病理学上有相似之处，而且在神经化学方面也有显著对应关系。大量运动是神经性厌食症的一个常见特征，并且在其与强迫症的联系中也具有相关性。有证据表明，动物的运动诱导性体重减轻综合征中，运动和热量限制相结合往往会以协同方式增加血清素能活性。该综合征已被提议作为强迫症以及神经性厌食症的有效模型。迄今为止，很少有研究在人类身上直接验证这一理论。
根据评估前一年的身体活动频率，将53名神经性厌食症患者分为高强度运动者（N = 22）或中度/不运动者（N = 31）。
在强迫症人格特征、强迫症症状学和完美主义（一种与强迫性人格障碍发展相关的人格因素）的测量中，运动者得分显著更高。另一方面，在其他突出的饮食失调特征方面，如身体自尊、自尊或对体重的过度关注，两组之间没有差异。体重指数所显示的消瘦程度也没有差异。
研究结果表明，在神经性厌食症患者中，强迫性人格特征与高强度运动有关，并且运动与更高程度的强迫症症状学相关。研究结果将在当前关于神经性厌食症、强迫症和一些生物学机制的理论背景下进行讨论。
