Court J M
Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1998 Feb;34(1):1-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.1998.00142.x.
Current literature and practice experience has been reviewed to clarify what is known about the effects of cannabis on brain function, the risk that cannabis use may pose for young people during their adolescence, and risk factors within the individual or their environment that may predispose to long-term abuse and dependence. There is sound evidence that cannabis intoxication has an adverse effect on cognitive function and behaviour, and may, in vulnerable individuals, lead to a psychotic reaction. Regular use may have an adverse effect on learning, with possible mid- to long-term psychological and cognitive impairment. Heavy use may lead to emotional dependence with consequent social and psychological dysfunction. Intervention strategies must go beyond the conventional education and public health measures that appear to have been unsuccessful so far in influencing cannabis use in teenagers. Such strategies may more usefully aim at assessment of risk factors in individuals and groups for dependence on the drug, and the combined and cooperative intervention of parents, schools, health professionals and teenagers themselves.
对当前的文献和实践经验进行了综述，以阐明关于大麻对脑功能的影响、青少年使用大麻可能面临的风险，以及个体或其环境中可能易导致长期滥用和依赖的风险因素。有充分证据表明，大麻中毒会对认知功能和行为产生不利影响，并且在易感个体中可能导致精神病反应。经常使用大麻可能会对学习产生不利影响，可能导致中长期的心理和认知损害。大量使用大麻可能会导致情感依赖，进而造成社会和心理功能障碍。干预策略必须超越传统的教育和公共卫生措施，这些措施迄今为止在影响青少年使用大麻方面似乎并不成功。此类策略可能更有效地针对评估个体和群体对该药物的依赖风险因素，以及家长、学校、卫生专业人员和青少年自身的联合与合作干预。
