Hadar U, Wenkert-Olenik D, Krauss R, Soroker N
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Brain Lang. 1998 Mar;62(1):107-26. doi: 10.1006/brln.1997.1890.
Patterns of speech-related ('coverbal') gestures were investigated in three groups of right-handed, brain-damaged patients and in matched controls. One group had anomic aphasia with a primarily semantic impairment ('semantic'); one group had a primarily phonological impairment, reflected in both repetition and naming ('phonologic'); a third group had a primarily conceptual impairment, with relatively good naming ('conceptual'). Coverbal gestures were video recorded during the description of complex pictures and analyzed for physical properties, timing in relation to speech and ideational content. The semantic and phonologic subjects produced a large number of ideational gestures relative to their lexical production, while the related production of the conceptual subjects was similar to that of the unimpaired controls. The composition of ideational gestures in the semantic and phonologic groups was similar to that of the control groups, while conceptual subjects produced fewer iconic gestures (i.e., gestures that show in their form the content of a word or phrase). The iconic gestures of the conceptual patients tended to start further from their lexical affiliates than those of all other subjects. We conclude that ideational gestures probably facilitate word retrieval, as well as reflect the transfer of information between propositional and non-propositional (visual and motoric) representations during message construction. We suggest that conceptual and lexical processes differ in the way they constrain ideational gestures.
研究人员对三组右利手脑损伤患者及匹配的对照组进行了与言语相关（“伴随言语的”）手势模式的研究。一组患有主要为语义损伤的命名性失语症（“语义性”）；一组主要存在语音损伤，在复述和命名中均有体现（“语音性”）；第三组主要存在概念损伤，但命名能力相对较好（“概念性”）。在描述复杂图片的过程中，对伴随言语的手势进行了视频记录，并分析其物理属性、与言语的时间关系以及表意内容。相对于词汇产出，语义性和语音性受试者产生了大量的表意手势，而概念性受试者的相关产出与未受损对照组相似。语义性和语音性组中表意手势的构成与对照组相似，而概念性受试者产生的象形手势较少（即形式上显示单词或短语内容的手势）。与所有其他受试者相比，概念性患者的象形手势往往在距离其词汇关联项更远的位置开始。我们得出结论，表意手势可能有助于词汇检索，同时也反映了在信息构建过程中命题性和非命题性（视觉和运动）表征之间的信息传递。我们认为，概念性和词汇性过程在约束表意手势的方式上存在差异。
