Freys S M
Chirurgische Universitätsklinik, Würzburg.
Langenbecks Arch Chir Suppl Kongressbd. 1997;114:493-6.
Olecranon and prepatellar bursitis have a prevalence of 3 in 1000 patients; the predominant etiology is a traumatic lesion with or without inoculation of infectious material, mainly during professional or leisure activities. Separation into septic and non-septic bursitis is possible in most cases according to clinical parameters and characteristics of the contents of the affected bursa. The therapy of acute and chronic bursitis is guided mainly by the nature of the aspirate retrieved from the bursa: a serous content justifies conservative treatment with compression, immobilization, antiphlogistic medication, and (in selected cases) the instillation of corticosteroids; a purulent aspirate necessitates bursotomy with incision and drainage, or bursectomy. Only in selected cases is a conservative trial with antibiotics, immobilization, and antiphlogistic medications justified.
鹰嘴滑囊炎和髌前滑囊炎在每1000名患者中的患病率为3‰；主要病因是有或无感染性物质接种的创伤性损伤，主要发生在职业或休闲活动期间。根据临床参数和受累滑囊内容物的特征，大多数情况下可将其分为感染性和非感染性滑囊炎。急慢性滑囊炎的治疗主要依据从滑囊中抽出物的性质：浆液性内容物可采用压迫、固定、抗炎药物治疗，并（在特定情况下）注入皮质类固醇进行保守治疗；脓性抽出物则需要进行滑囊切开引流或滑囊切除术。仅在特定情况下，使用抗生素、固定和抗炎药物进行保守治疗才合理。
