Morrissette R N, Heller H C
Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1998 Apr;274(4):R1087-93. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1998.274.4.R1087.
In altricial species, such as humans and rats, much of the development of autonomic systems occurs postnatally. Consequently, vulnerabilities exist early in postnatal development when immature autonomic functions are challenged by external factors such as variations in ambient temperature (Ta). Ta profoundly influences sleep/wake state structure in adult animals and humans, and exposure to excessive warmth has been implicated as a risk factor in sudden infant death syndrome. To better understand the relationship between temperature and sleep during development, we investigated the effect of Ta variation on sleep/wake state structure and sleep intensity in developing rats. In this experiment, sleep intensity was measured by the intensity of slow-wave activity during slow-wave sleep. Neonatal Long-Evans hooded rat pups were surgically prepared for chronic sleep/wake state and brain temperature (Tbr) recording. Two-hour recordings of sleep/wake state and Tbr were obtained from rats on postnatal day 12 (P12), P14, P16, P18, and P20 at a Ta of either 28.0-30.0, 33.0-35.0, or 38.0-40.0 degrees C. Ta significantly influenced sleep/wake state structure but had little, if any, effect on sleep intensity in developing rats.
在诸如人类和大鼠等晚成雏物种中，自主神经系统的许多发育在出生后发生。因此，当未成熟的自主功能受到诸如环境温度（Ta）变化等外部因素挑战时，出生后早期就存在脆弱性。Ta对成年动物和人类的睡眠/觉醒状态结构有深远影响，暴露于过热环境被认为是婴儿猝死综合征的一个风险因素。为了更好地理解发育过程中温度与睡眠之间的关系，我们研究了Ta变化对发育中大鼠睡眠/觉醒状态结构和睡眠强度的影响。在本实验中，睡眠强度通过慢波睡眠期间慢波活动的强度来测量。对新生的Long-Evans带帽大鼠幼崽进行手术准备，以便长期记录睡眠/觉醒状态和脑温（Tbr）。在28.0 - 30.0、33.0 - 35.0或38.0 - 40.0摄氏度的Ta条件下，从出生后第12天（P12）、P14、P16、P18和P20的大鼠获取两小时的睡眠/觉醒状态和Tbr记录。Ta显著影响发育中大鼠的睡眠/觉醒状态结构，但对睡眠强度几乎没有影响（如果有影响的话也很小）。
