Pleskacheva M G, Zorina Z A, Chebykina L I, Kostyna Z A
Lomonosov State University, Moscow.
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1998 Jan-Feb;48(1):38-46.
Brown Norway rats bred from the original wild stock, KM (Krushinskiĭ-Molodkina) albino rats selectively bred for audiogenic seizure susceptibility, and Wistar albino rats were subjected to Revecz-Krushinskiĭ reasoning test. It determines whether rats can anticipate regular yet invisible shifts of food bait positions. A bait was placed under one of 12 opaque cylinders (arranged in a line) to be tipped by a rat in order to obtain food. In the first trial the cylinder 1 was baited, in the second trial the cylinder 2 was and so on up to 12th one. The correct strategy of this problem solving is a choice "one cylinder ahead" of the previous bait location. Rats appeared to be unable to realize this algorithm accurately. However, in some cases their performance was significantly different from chance. They apparently realized another strategy: to choose recently baited cylinders with shifting a zone of search. It was typical for brown and Wistar rats but not for KM which preferred to choose the cylinders baited in the previous trials, but their preference was not specified by recently baited positions. In the second experiment (learning of an accurate choice of one target cylinder with a fixed position in the line) the worst performance was found also in KM rats. The strain differences in Revecz-Krushinskiĭ test performance are supposed to be caused by the level of spatial working memory.
将源自原始野生种群的棕色挪威大鼠、因对听源性癫痫易感性而经选择性培育的KM（克鲁申斯基-莫洛迪纳）白化大鼠和Wistar白化大鼠进行列韦茨-克鲁申斯基推理测试。该测试旨在确定大鼠是否能够预测食物诱饵位置有规律但不可见的变化。将一个诱饵放置在12个不透明圆柱体（排成一排）中的一个下面，大鼠可以通过倾斜圆柱体来获取食物。在第一次试验中，圆柱体1放置诱饵，第二次试验中圆柱体2放置诱饵，依此类推，直到第12个圆柱体。解决这个问题的正确策略是选择比前一个诱饵位置“提前一个圆柱体”。大鼠似乎无法准确实现这种算法。然而，在某些情况下，它们的表现与随机情况有显著差异。它们显然意识到了另一种策略：选择最近放置过诱饵的圆柱体并移动搜索区域。这在棕色大鼠和Wistar大鼠中很典型，但在KM大鼠中并非如此，KM大鼠更喜欢选择在前几次试验中放置过诱饵的圆柱体，但其偏好并非由最近放置诱饵的位置决定。在第二个实验（学习精确选择在一排中具有固定位置的一个目标圆柱体）中，KM大鼠的表现也是最差的。列韦茨-克鲁申斯基测试表现中的品系差异被认为是由空间工作记忆水平造成的。
