Levine J P, Bradley J P, Roth D A, McCarthy J G, Longaker M T
Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery and the Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Repair at the New York University Medical Center, NY 10016, USA.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998 May;101(6):1441-7. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199805000-00002.
The influence of dura mater on adjacent cranial sutures is significant. By better understanding the mechanisms of normal suture fusion and the role of the dura mater, it may be possible to delineate the events responsible for the premature suture fusion seen in craniosynostosis. In the Sprague-Dawley rat, the posterior frontal suture normally fuses between 12 and 20 days of postnatal life and has proved to be an excellent model to describe normal suture fusion. The purpose of this study was to document the critical role that the dura mater-suture complex may play on cranial suture biology. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats at 8 days of age were divided into two groups of 20 animals each. The control group (group A) had surgical disruption of the dura mater-calvarial interface. This was accomplished by elevating a strip of cranium inclusive of the posterior frontal and sagittal sutures and replacement of the cranial strip back to its anatomic position, all with the dura mater left intact. The experimental group (group B) had the same calvarial elevation (strip craniectomy), but the sutural anatomy/alignment was rotated 180 degrees. This rotation placed the posterior frontal suture into the sagittal suture's anatomic position and the sagittal suture into the posterior frontal suture's anatomic position. All of these procedures were accomplished by leaving the underlying dura mater intact. Animals were killed at 20, 30, 40, and 50 days (12, 22, 32, and 42 days postoperatively), and tissue sections were examined with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Group A (control) showed normal but delayed suture activity. The posterior frontal suture fused, and the sagittal suture remained patent. Fusion was delayed, not beginning before 20 days (12 days postoperative) and showing complete fusion between 30 and 40 days. Group B (180-degree calvarial rotation) demonstrated that the suture in the posterior frontal anatomic position (actual sagittal suture) fused between 20 and 40 days, whereas the suture in the sagittal anatomic position (actual posterior-frontal suture) remained patent throughout the study. This study demonstrates that the location of the dura mater-suture complex is important in determining either suture patency or closure in this model. Normal closure of the suture overlying the posterior frontal dura mater demonstrates that the dura mater itself, or forces derived in specific cranial locations, determines the overlying suture biology.
硬脑膜对相邻颅骨缝的影响显著。通过更好地理解正常缝融合机制及硬脑膜的作用，或许能够阐明导致颅缝早闭中过早缝融合的相关事件。在斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠中，额后缝通常在出生后12至20天融合，并且已被证明是描述正常缝融合的一个极佳模型。本研究的目的是记录硬脑膜 - 缝复合体在颅骨缝生物学中可能发挥的关键作用。40只8日龄的斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠被分为两组，每组20只动物。对照组（A组）对硬脑膜 - 颅骨界面进行手术破坏。这是通过掀起包含额后缝和矢状缝的一条颅骨条带并将颅骨条带放回其解剖位置来完成的，整个过程中硬脑膜保持完整。实验组（B组）进行相同的颅骨抬高（条带颅骨切除术），但缝的解剖结构/排列旋转180度。这种旋转将额后缝置于矢状缝的解剖位置，而矢状缝置于额后缝的解剖位置。所有这些操作都是在保持下方硬脑膜完整的情况下完成的。在术后20、30、40和50天（术后12、22、32和42天）处死动物，并用苏木精和伊红染色检查组织切片。A组（对照组）显示缝活动正常但延迟。额后缝融合，矢状缝保持开放。融合延迟，在20天（术后12天）之前未开始，在30至40天之间显示完全融合。B组（180度颅骨旋转）表明，处于额后解剖位置（实际矢状缝）的缝在20至40天之间融合，而处于矢状解剖位置（实际额后缝）的缝在整个研究过程中保持开放。本研究表明，在该模型中，硬脑膜 - 缝复合体的位置对于确定缝的开放或闭合很重要。覆盖额后硬脑膜的缝正常闭合表明，硬脑膜本身或特定颅骨位置产生的力决定了上方缝的生物学特性。
