Azzone P, Freni S, Maggiolini A, Provantini K, Viganó D
Institute of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
Adolescence. 1998 Spring;33(129):229-44.
Most empirical research on dreams has focused on content and structure, while linguistic features have received far less attention. The present study investigated dream language in a critical developmental stage: early adolescence. Narratives of the dreams of 145 early adolescents were tape-recorded and transcribed, and the frequencies of various grammar forms and common words were calculated. The most common nouns for the entire sample were house and mother. The most frequent verbs were go and do. Males' dream narratives contained a greater number of such words as animal, long, enter, and kill. Females more often used intransitive verbs and such words as teacher, horse, and put. Several features differentiated older from younger early adolescents' dreams. The results indicate that linguistic features of dream narratives are affected by age and sex, displaying interesting parallels with clinical theories on dreams and early adolescence.
大多数关于梦的实证研究都集中在内容和结构上，而语言特征受到的关注则少得多。本研究在一个关键的发育阶段——青春期早期，对梦的语言进行了调查。对145名青春期早期青少年的梦的叙述进行了录音和转录，并计算了各种语法形式和常用词的出现频率。整个样本中最常见的名词是“房子”和“母亲”。最常用的动词是“去”和“做”。男性的梦的叙述中包含较多诸如“动物”“长的”“进入”和“杀死”等词。女性则更常使用不及物动词以及诸如“老师”“马”和“放”等词。几个特征区分了年龄较大和较小的青春期早期青少年的梦。结果表明，梦的叙述的语言特征受年龄和性别的影响，与关于梦和青春期早期的临床理论呈现出有趣的相似之处。
