Parrott A C, Lees A, Garnham N J, Jones M, Wesnes K
Department of Psychology, University of East London, UK.
J Psychopharmacol. 1998;12(1):79-83. doi: 10.1177/026988119801200110.
Cognitive task performance was assessed in three groups of young people: 10 regular users of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) who had taken 'ecstasy' 10 times or more; 10 novice MDMA users who had taken 'ecstasy' one to nine times; and 10 control subjects who had never taken MDMA. A computerized battery of cognitive tasks (Cognitive Drug Research system) was undertaken on a day when subjects were drug free. Performance on the response speed and vigilance measures (simple reaction time, choice reaction time, number vigilance), was similar across the three subgroups. However on immediate word recall and delayed word recall, both groups of MDMA users recalled significantly less words than controls. Animal research has shown that MDMA can lead to serotonergic neurodegeneration, particularly in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Although the design of this study was far from ideal, these data are consistent with other findings of memory decrements in recreational MDMA users, possibly caused by serotonergic neurotoxicity.
10名3,4-亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺（摇头丸）的经常使用者，他们服用“摇头丸”达10次或更多；10名初次使用摇头丸的使用者，他们服用“摇头丸”1至9次；以及10名从未服用过摇头丸的对照对象。在受试者未服用药物的一天，进行了一组计算机化认知任务（认知药物研究系统）。在反应速度和警觉性测量（简单反应时间、选择反应时间、数字警觉性）方面，三个亚组的表现相似。然而，在即时单词回忆和延迟单词回忆方面，两组摇头丸使用者回忆的单词明显少于对照组。动物研究表明，摇头丸可导致血清素能神经变性，尤其是在海马体和额叶皮质。尽管这项研究的设计远非理想，但这些数据与其他关于娱乐性摇头丸使用者记忆减退的研究结果一致，可能是由血清素能神经毒性引起的。
