Sander C, Hörauf A, Reusch C
I. Medizinischen Tierklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 1998 Apr;26(2):110-8.
In the present study blood pressure was measured in cats comparing two indirect methods (oscillometric versus Doppler-sonographic) over a wide pressure range. It was shown, that at the lower pressures Doppler and oscillometric measurements were basically equivalent. However for higher pressures oscillometric measurements were consistently lower than Doppler measurements. This difference became greater as blood pressure increased. The determination of blood pressure by the Doppler-sonographic method was always possible, whereas the measurement by the oscillometric method was often not possible, especially at higher blood pressure levels. In a second step, the frequency of hypertension was determined in cats with diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eight cats with diabetes mellitus had oszillometric blood pressure values of 101-155 mmHg systolic, 42-105 mmHg diastolic and 65-125 mmHg mean arterial pressure determined at the front leg and 110-167 mmHg systolic, 44-98 mmHg diastolic, and 61-125 mean arterial pressure determined at the tail. The Doppler-sonographic values were 120-180 mmHg. Only the oscillometric measurement (at the tail) of the systolic pressure was significantly higher than that of normal cats. In 11 cats with chronic renal failure the following values were determined by the oszillometric method: at the front leg 137-182 mmHg systolic, 74-138 mmHg diastolic, 100-162 mmHg mean arterial pressure and at the tail 134-189 mmHg systolic, 53-109 mmHg diastolic, 80-135 mmHg mean arterial pressure. With the Doppler-sonographic technique the blood pressure was between 120 and 280 mmHg. All blood pressure measurements were significantly higher than those of healthy cats, except the oscillometric measurements of diastolic blood pressure. In 12 cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy systolic pressure was 108-179 mmHg, diastolic pressure was 64-135 mmHg, and mean arterial pressure was 89-154 mmHg at the front leg using the oscillometric method. At the tail results were as follows: 121-201 mmHg systolic, 61-141 mmHg diastolic, and 85-160 mmHg mean arterial pressure. By the Doppler-sonographic technique determined blood pressure was 110-260 mmHg. All oscillometric measurements except the diastolic pressure determined at the front leg were significantly higher than in normal cats. Four cats with chronic renal failure and five cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showed retinal hemorrhages and/or detachments. Eight of this nine cats had blood pressure measurements above the normal range. We conclude that hypertension can be detected in cats with several diseases. In most cases reliable measurements can only be obtained by Doppler-sonographic methods.
在本研究中，在猫身上比较了两种间接测量方法（示波法与多普勒超声法）在较宽血压范围内的血压测量情况。结果表明，在较低血压时，多普勒测量和示波测量基本等效。然而，对于较高血压，示波测量始终低于多普勒测量。随着血压升高，这种差异变得更大。用多普勒超声法总能测定血压，而用示波法测量常常无法进行，尤其是在较高血压水平时。第二步，测定了患有糖尿病、慢性肾衰竭和肥厚性心肌病的猫的高血压发生率。8只患有糖尿病的猫，在前肢用示波法测得收缩压为101 - 155 mmHg、舒张压为42 - 105 mmHg、平均动脉压为65 - 125 mmHg，在尾部测得收缩压为110 - 167 mmHg、舒张压为44 - 98 mmHg、平均动脉压为61 - 125 mmHg。多普勒超声测量值为120 - 180 mmHg。只有（在尾部）收缩压的示波测量值显著高于正常猫。11只患有慢性肾衰竭的猫，用示波法测得以下数值：在前肢收缩压为137 - 182 mmHg、舒张压为74 - 138 mmHg、平均动脉压为100 - 162 mmHg，在尾部收缩压为134 - 189 mmHg、舒张压为53 - 109 mmHg、平均动脉压为80 - 135 mmHg。用多普勒超声技术测得的血压在120至280 mmHg之间。除了舒张压的示波测量值外，所有血压测量值均显著高于健康猫。12只患有肥厚性心肌病的猫，用示波法在前肢测得收缩压为108 - 179 mmHg、舒张压为64 - 135 mmHg、平均动脉压为89 - 154 mmHg。在尾部的结果如下：收缩压为121 - 201 mmHg、舒张压为61 - 141 mmHg、平均动脉压为85 - 160 mmHg。用多普勒超声技术测得的血压为110 - 260 mmHg。除在前肢测得的舒张压外，所有示波测量值均显著高于正常猫。4只患有慢性肾衰竭的猫和5只患有肥厚性心肌病的猫出现视网膜出血和/或脱离。这9只猫中有8只血压测量值高于正常范围。我们得出结论，在患有多种疾病的猫中可检测到高血压。在大多数情况下，只有通过多普勒超声法才能获得可靠的测量值。
