Izmerov N F, Denisov E I, Molodkina N N
Med Tr Prom Ekol. 1998(3):1-9.
Theoretical issues and practical implications of risk methodology as applied to occupational health with account for WHO, ILO and ISO concepts are discussed. Conceptual models of risk assessment, risk management and risk communication as well as hazard effective exposure approach and optimization criteria (min exposure and/or risk and optimum cost/benefit relation) are presented. Priority and urgency of risk management procedures are substantiated based on publications and standards of England, Germany, EC, etc for different grades of hazardness with numerical values of occupational morbidity index (N.F. Izmerov et al., 1993b) as quantitative measure of occupational risk for workers' health. The usefulness of risk methodology for occupational and environmental health with regard to more effective prophylaxis is stressed.
讨论了应用于职业健康的风险方法的理论问题和实际意义，并考虑了世界卫生组织（WHO）、国际劳工组织（ILO）和国际标准化组织（ISO）的概念。介绍了风险评估、风险管理和风险沟通的概念模型，以及危害有效暴露方法和优化标准（最小暴露和/或风险以及最佳成本/效益关系）。基于英国、德国、欧盟等国家的出版物和标准，针对不同危害等级，以职业发病率指数的数值（N.F.伊兹梅罗夫等人，1993b）作为衡量工人健康职业风险的定量指标，论证了风险管理程序的优先级和紧迫性。强调了风险方法对于职业和环境卫生在更有效预防方面的有用性。
