Desai P, Silver J G
College of Dental Surgeons, Vancouver, B.C.
J Can Dent Assoc. 1998 Apr;64(4):263-8.
There are many types of gingival enlargements which vary according to the etiologic factors and pathologic processes that produce them. The most common drug-induced gingival enlargement is associated with Dilantin (phenytoin). Cyclosporin and calcium channel blockers, which are increasingly used for some cardiac diseases, immunosuppression and autoimmune disorders, also cause gingival enlargement. The term "gingival hyperplasia" is an inappropriate term because enlargement is not the result of an increase in the number of cells, but rather an increase in extracellular tissue volume. This paper presents a detailed description of various drug-induced gingival enlargements, including the clinical appearance, microscopic presentation, pathogenic mechanisms and treatment options.
牙龈肿大有多种类型，它们根据导致其产生的病因和病理过程而有所不同。最常见的药物性牙龈肿大与苯妥英钠有关。环孢素和钙通道阻滞剂越来越多地用于某些心脏病、免疫抑制和自身免疫性疾病，它们也会导致牙龈肿大。“牙龈增生”这个术语并不恰当，因为肿大并非细胞数量增加的结果，而是细胞外组织体积增加所致。本文详细描述了各种药物性牙龈肿大，包括临床表现、显微镜下表现、发病机制和治疗选择。
