Medication-induced gingival enlargement: a clinical review.

This review discusses the etiology and treatment of gingival hyperplasia. It cites evidence that medications such as phenytoin, an anticonvulsant; cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant; and numerous calcium channel blocking agents have been shown clinically and histologically to produce analogous gingival enlargements. A multiphasic approach to treating disfiguring gingival hyperplasia through mechanical and chemical plaque control, in conjunction with the surgical removal of the hyperplastic tissue, is discussed.