Ford E S
Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Ethn Dis. 1998 Winter;8(1):10-20.
Hypertension, which has been associated with high intake of sodium and low intake of calcium, magnesium, and potassium, is highly prevalent among African Americans. To examine differences in dietary intakes of calcium, magnesium, and potassium between whites and African Americans, and the effect of education on these differences, the author analyzed data from a nationally representative sample that participated in the first phase of the National Health and Examination Survey III from 1988-1991. The analytic sample included 6,046 white participants and 2,226 African-American participants with complete information for age, race, education, and diet. Dietary information was collected from a single 24-hour dietary recall. African Americans consumed less calcium, magnesium, and potassium than whites regardless of educational achievement. Sodium intakes from diet were similar between the two groups. Among whites, intakes of calcium, magnesium, and potassium were positively related to educational attainment. Among African Americans, only magnesium intake was positively related to educational attainment. Because the prevalence of hypertension among African Americans exceeds that among whites, increases in the consumption of calcium, magnesium, and potassium could help to prevent and control excess hypertension among African Americans.
高血压与高钠摄入以及钙、镁和钾的低摄入有关，在非裔美国人中极为普遍。为了研究白人和非裔美国人在钙、镁和钾的饮食摄入量上的差异，以及教育对这些差异的影响，作者分析了来自一个具有全国代表性样本的数据，该样本参与了1988年至1991年全国健康与检查调查III的第一阶段。分析样本包括6046名白人参与者和2226名非裔美国参与者，他们拥有关于年龄、种族、教育和饮食的完整信息。饮食信息通过单次24小时饮食回顾收集。无论教育程度如何，非裔美国人摄入的钙、镁和钾都比白人少。两组的饮食钠摄入量相似。在白人中，钙、镁和钾的摄入量与教育程度呈正相关。在非裔美国人中，只有镁的摄入量与教育程度呈正相关。由于非裔美国人中高血压的患病率超过了白人，增加钙、镁和钾的摄入量有助于预防和控制非裔美国人中的高血压。
