急诊科的损伤监测：抽样还是不抽样？
Injury surveillance in accident and emergency departments: to sample or not to sample?
作者信息
Morrison A, Stone D H
机构信息
Department of Child Health, University of Glasgow, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill.
出版信息
Inj Prev. 1998 Mar;4(1):50-2. doi: 10.1136/ip.4.1.50.
OBJECTIVES
To establish whether injury surveillance based on sampling strategies is as valid as total patient surveillance.
METHODS
Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP) data for 1996 were retrospectively analysed using five sampling frames. Proportions for key variables were calculated for each sample, then compared with the proportions for the total population of patients.
RESULTS
Two of the five sampling frames produced statistically significant differences from the total population, which can be explained by seasonal variations. However, no significant differences were observed between the remaining three samples and the total population.
CONCLUSIONS
A well planned and executed sampling strategy can generate as valid data as total patient surveillance, obviating the need for data collection on every patient presenting with an injury or poisoning. In practice, however, systematic sampling can be difficult to implement and sustain, counterbalancing the economic advantages.
目的
确定基于抽样策略的伤害监测是否与全患者监测一样有效。
方法
使用五个抽样框架对1996年加拿大医院伤害报告与预防项目（CHIRPP）的数据进行回顾性分析。计算每个样本中关键变量的比例，然后与患者总体的比例进行比较。
结果
五个抽样框架中的两个与总体存在统计学上的显著差异，这可以用季节变化来解释。然而，其余三个样本与总体之间未观察到显著差异。
结论
精心规划和执行的抽样策略能够产生与全患者监测同样有效的数据，从而无需收集每例受伤或中毒患者的数据。然而在实际操作中，系统抽样可能难以实施和维持，抵消了其经济优势。
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