Lui A C, Polis T Z, Cicutti N J
Department of Anaesthesia, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Civic Hospital, Ontario.
Can J Anaesth. 1998 Apr;45(4):297-303. doi: 10.1007/BF03012018.
To determine the densities of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients for surgery under spinal anaesthesia. The densities of the CSF were compared with the densities of local anaesthetic solutions and their mixtures with commonly used spinal opioids.
One ml of CSF was collected from 131 consecutive patients that consented to the study at the time of spinal anaesthesia. Densities were measured at 37 degrees C in a Density Meter that displayed density to the fourth decimal point and was accurate to 0.00003 g.ml-1. The densities of a selection of spinal anaesthetic drugs were also measured.
The mean CSF density in the study population was 1.00059 +/- SD 0.00020. In men of all ages, the mean CSF density was 1.00067 +/- 0.00018 g.ml-1; in postmenopausal women 1.00060 +/- 0.00015 g.ml-1; in premenopausal non-pregnant women 1.00047 +/- 0.00076 g.ml-1; and in pregnant women 1.00033 +/- 0.00010 g.ml-1. There were differences between the CSF densities in pregnant women compared with men (P = 0.0001), postmenopausal women (P = 0.0001) and non-pregnant premenopausal women (P = 0.03). Local anaesthetic solutions that contain sugar (glucose or dextrose) were all hyperbaric. In the absence of sugar, all local anaesthetic solutions were hypobaric except for lidocaine CO2 which was slightly hyperbaric. Opioids were all hypobaric except meperidine which was hyperbaric.
Pregnant women have slightly lower CSF densities than do men and postmenopausal women, and non-pregnant premenopausal women. In the absence of sugar all spinal anaesthetic solutions measured were hypobaric except for lidocaine CO2 and meperidine, both of which were hyperbaric.
测定接受脊髓麻醉手术患者的脑脊液（CSF）密度。将脑脊液密度与局部麻醉溶液及其与常用脊髓阿片类药物混合物的密度进行比较。
从131例在脊髓麻醉时同意参与研究的连续患者中采集1毫升脑脊液。在37摄氏度下，使用密度计测量密度，该密度计显示密度至小数点后四位，精度为0.00003克/毫升。还测量了一系列脊髓麻醉药物的密度。
研究人群的脑脊液平均密度为1.00059±标准差0.00020。在所有年龄段的男性中，脑脊液平均密度为1.00067±0.00018克/毫升；绝经后女性为1.00060±0.00015克/毫升；绝经前未怀孕女性为1.00047±0.00076克/毫升；孕妇为1.00033±0.00010克/毫升。孕妇的脑脊液密度与男性（P = 0.0001）、绝经后女性（P = 0.0001）和未怀孕绝经前女性（P = 0.03）相比存在差异。含有糖（葡萄糖或右旋糖）的局部麻醉溶液均为高比重。在无糖的情况下，除利多卡因二氧化碳微高比重外，所有局部麻醉溶液均为低比重。阿片类药物均为低比重，除哌替啶为高比重外。
孕妇的脑脊液密度略低于男性、绝经后女性和未怀孕绝经前女性。在无糖的情况下，除利多卡因二氧化碳和哌替啶为高比重外所有测量的脊髓麻醉溶液均为低比重。
