微量营养素状况，特别提及维生素B6。

Brussaard J H, Löwik M R, van den Berg H, Brants H A, Kistemaker C

TNO Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.

Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Nov;51 Suppl 3:S32-8.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the adequacy of micronutrient status among the adult population, with special reference to vitamin B6 status.

DESIGN AND SUBJECTS

Micronutrient status was assessed among a random sample of the adult Dutch population (reference group, n = 300), aged 20-79 y, stratified for age and gender, and among a group with a low vitamin B6 intake (n = 144).

RESULTS

Low vitamin B6 groups had lower mean levels of erythrocyte and plasma pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), urinary excretion of 4-pyridoxic acid, basal and stimulated erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase (EAST) and erythrocyte alanine aminotransferase (EALT) activities and EAST stimulation coefficients but not of EALT stimulation coefficients, handgripstrength and 24 h homocysteine excretion before and after a methionin load test. Besides, plasma levels of vitamin C, B12 and folate were lower among low B6 than among reference groups indicating a combined low vitamin status. Direct biomarkers of vitamin B6 intake (plasma PLP and 4-pyridoxic acid excretion) were significantly related to more functional parameters (EAST, EALT and alpha-EAST). Among random reference groups the prevalence of plasma PLP values below 19 nmol/l was 3-7% for different age-gender groups, with the highest value of 16% among men aged 50-79 years. The prevalence of high values of erythrocyte glutathion reductase stimulation coefficient (alpha-EGR) and low levels of serum vitamin B12 and C was not more than 5% among different age-gender reference groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Direct biomarkers of vitamin B6 intake confirmed the preselection of a group with a low vitamin B6 intake. The results suggest that the sensitivity of vitamin B6 status parameters for low vitamin B6 intake was highest for the direct vitamin B6 status parameters and lowest for handgripstrength and homocysteine excretion after a methionin load; results for enzyme stimulation coefficients were intermediate. The prevalence of below adequate status parameters for vitamin B2, B6, B12 and C was not more than 7% among the different age-gender groups, with the exception of a value of 16% for plasma PLP levels below 19 nmol/l among men aged 50-79.

目的

评估成年人群微量营养素状况是否充足，特别关注维生素B6状况。

设计与研究对象

在按年龄和性别分层的20 - 79岁成年荷兰人群随机样本（参照组，n = 300）以及维生素B6摄入量低的人群（n = 144）中评估微量营养素状况。

结果

维生素B6摄入低的组红细胞和血浆中吡哆醛（PL）及磷酸吡哆醛（PLP）的平均水平较低，4 - 吡哆酸的尿排泄量、基础及刺激后的红细胞天冬氨酸转氨酶（EAST）和红细胞丙氨酸转氨酶（EALT）活性以及EAST刺激系数较低，但EALT刺激系数、握力及蛋氨酸负荷试验前后24小时同型半胱氨酸排泄量无差异。此外，维生素B6摄入低的组中维生素C、B12和叶酸的血浆水平低于参照组，表明存在多种维生素联合缺乏状况。维生素B6摄入的直接生物标志物（血浆PLP和4 - 吡哆酸排泄）与更多功能参数（EAST、EALT和α - EAST）显著相关。在随机参照组中，不同年龄 - 性别组血浆PLP值低于19 nmol/l的患病率为3% - 7%，50 - 79岁男性中最高值为16%。不同年龄 - 性别参照组中红细胞谷胱甘肽还原酶刺激系数（α - EGR）高值以及血清维生素B12和C水平低值的患病率不超过5%。

结论

维生素B6摄入的直接生物标志物证实了对维生素B6摄入量低的人群的预先选择。结果表明，对于维生素B6摄入低的情况，维生素B6状况参数的敏感性以直接维生素B6状况参数最高，蛋氨酸负荷后握力和同型半胱氨酸排泄最低；酶刺激系数的结果居中。不同年龄 - 性别组中维生素B2、B6、B12和C状况参数低于适宜水平的患病率不超过7%，50 - 79岁男性血浆PLP水平低于19 nmol/l的情况除外，其值为16%。