Brants H A, Brussaard J H, Bouman M, Löwik M R
TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Nov;51 Suppl 3:S25-31.
To assess the adequacy of the dietary intake in general, and that of vitamin B6 intake especially.
Dietary intake based on 3 d diet-records was assessed among a random sample of the adult Dutch population (the reference group, n = 300) aged 20-79 y, stratified for age and gender and among a group with a low vitamin B6 intake, selected by means of a food frequency questionnaire.
Among the reference group, absolute vitamin B6 intake on average amply met the RDA in all age-gender categories, whereas the adequate level of 20 microg vitamin B6 per gram protein, was on average met by men only. The prevalences of a vitamin B6 intake below the minimum requirement (absolute) of 1 mg/d was 1-11% and below the average minimum requirement of 15 microg/g protein was 5-12% for the various age-sex reference groups. Average intake of folate among women of childbearing age did not meet the recommendation of 400 microg/d for those who want to become pregnant. Average intake of iron and iodine was also below recommended levels among women aged 20-49 y. Both absolute vitamin B6 intake and the vitamin B6/protein ratio calculated with the diet records was lower among the low vitamin B6 groups than among the reference groups, indicating that the preselection of groups with low vitamin B6 intakes on the basis of a food frequency questionnaire was successful. Intake of energy and macro- and micronutrients, as well as a nutrient density of the diet were lower among low vitamin B6 groups than among reference groups.
It is concluded that a low vitamin B6 intake is the result of both the quantity (energy) and quality (nutrient density) of the food consumed. The effects of this are not restricted to vitamin B6 and therefore, the low vitamin B6 groups have a combination of relatively low intakes.
总体评估膳食摄入量是否充足，尤其评估维生素B6的摄入量。
基于3天饮食记录对20 - 79岁的成年荷兰人群随机样本（参照组，n = 300）进行膳食摄入量评估，该样本按年龄和性别分层，同时对通过食物频率问卷挑选出的维生素B6摄入量低的人群进行评估。
在参照组中，所有年龄 - 性别类别中维生素B6的绝对摄入量平均充分满足了推荐膳食供给量（RDA），而每克蛋白质20微克维生素B6的适宜水平，只有男性平均达到。不同年龄 - 性别的参照组中，维生素B6摄入量低于每日最低需求量（绝对）1毫克的患病率为1% - 11%，低于每克蛋白质15微克平均最低需求量的患病率为5% - 12%。育龄期女性叶酸的平均摄入量未达到对想要怀孕者每日400微克的推荐量。20 - 49岁女性铁和碘的平均摄入量也低于推荐水平。维生素B6摄入量低的组中，用饮食记录计算出的维生素B6绝对摄入量和维生素B6/蛋白质比值均低于参照组，这表明基于食物频率问卷对维生素B6摄入量低的组进行预先筛选是成功的。维生素B6摄入量低的组中能量、常量和微量营养素的摄入量以及膳食的营养密度均低于参照组。
得出的结论是，维生素B6摄入量低是所摄入食物的量（能量）和质（营养密度）共同作用的结果。其影响不仅限于维生素B6，因此，维生素B6摄入量低的组多种营养素的摄入量相对较低。
