Buhi W C, Alvarez I M, Kouba A J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0294, USA.
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1997;52:285-300.
During the period of late follicular development and the first four days of the oestrous cycle, the oviduct occupies a central role in the establishment of pregnancy. Oviductal function is regarded as being either 'passive' or biologically active, providing an environment that sustains and enhances fertilization and early cleavage-stage embryonic development. Recent reports have focused on this microenvironment and shown that ovarian steroids induce marked morphological, physiological and biochemical changes. Alterations include changes in the biosynthetic activity and release of macromolecules by the oviductal epithelium which become part of the luminal microenvironment. Furthermore, both regional and temporal differences in activity and protein production occur through hormonal changes during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Studies on identification, characterization and regulation of several proteins synthesized de novo have indicated oocyte-oviduct and embryo-oviduct interactions. However, the identification of oviduct-derived proteins, their regulation and their potential function in vivo needs to be examined. Studies in other species also suggest roles for growth factors in early embryonic development, but little information is available for the pig. We propose that ovarian hormones control changes in synthetic activity, synthesis of some oviduct-derived proteins and the presence of specific factors in the luminal microenvironment which sustain and enhance fertilization and early cleavage-stage embryonic development.
在卵泡晚期发育和发情周期的前四天，输卵管在妊娠建立过程中起着核心作用。输卵管功能被认为要么是“被动的”，要么是具有生物活性的，它提供了一个维持和促进受精以及早期卵裂期胚胎发育的环境。最近的报告聚焦于这个微环境，并表明卵巢类固醇会引发显著的形态、生理和生化变化。这些变化包括输卵管上皮生物合成活性的改变以及大分子的释放，这些大分子成为管腔微环境的一部分。此外，在发情周期和妊娠早期，由于激素变化，活性和蛋白质产生在区域和时间上都存在差异。对几种新合成蛋白质的鉴定、表征和调控的研究表明了卵母细胞 - 输卵管以及胚胎 - 输卵管之间的相互作用。然而，输卵管衍生蛋白质的鉴定、它们的调控以及它们在体内的潜在功能仍有待研究。对其他物种的研究也表明生长因子在早期胚胎发育中发挥作用，但关于猪的相关信息很少。我们提出，卵巢激素控制合成活性的变化、一些输卵管衍生蛋白质的合成以及管腔微环境中特定因子的存在，这些维持并促进受精以及早期卵裂期胚胎发育。
