Piasecki T M, Fiore M C, Baker T B
Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1998 May;107(2):238-51. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.107.2.238.
Research has suggested that the time course of the smoking withdrawal syndrome is fairly invariant across smokers and that smoking withdrawal symptoms are weakly related to relapse. Withdrawal data from 2 clinical trials of the nicotine patch were analyzed to evaluate these characterizations. In both studies, patients were clustered according to the shapes of their withdrawal profiles across 8 weeks of treatment. In each study, 3 clusters with distinct temporal patterns of withdrawal symptomatology emerged. Clusters included both abstinent and lapsing patients, and patch dose was unrelated to cluster membership. Patients with "atypical" patterns of smoking withdrawal (e.g., late symptomatic elevations) were more likely to relapse than patients who showed a gradual elimination of withdrawal. Withdrawal shape, duration, and severity all contributed significantly to the prediction of relapse. Measures of negative affect closely tracked withdrawal symptoms over time within clusters. Topics for future smoking withdrawal research are discussed.
研究表明，吸烟戒断综合征的时间进程在吸烟者中相当一致，且吸烟戒断症状与复吸的关联较弱。对两项尼古丁贴片临床试验的戒断数据进行了分析，以评估这些特征。在两项研究中，根据患者在8周治疗期间的戒断情况曲线形状进行聚类。在每项研究中，均出现了3个具有不同戒断症状时间模式的聚类。聚类中既有戒烟者也有复吸者，且贴片剂量与聚类归属无关。具有“非典型”吸烟戒断模式（如症状后期升高）的患者比那些戒断症状逐渐消除的患者更易复吸。戒断情况的形状、持续时间和严重程度均对复吸预测有显著贡献。在聚类中，消极情绪的测量随时间密切跟踪戒断症状。还讨论了未来吸烟戒断研究的主题。
