Emerson B M, Wrigley S R, Newton M
Royal Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital for Children, Whitechapel, London, UK.
Anaesthesia. 1998 Apr;53(4):326-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00317.x.
There has recently been much debate about pre-operative fasting for paediatric anaesthesia. There is no consensus about the optimum fasting times for children undergoing elective surgery. In order to establish a standard for paediatric pre-operative fasting times, we undertook a postal survey, targeting members of the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists resident in the United Kingdom and Ireland in 1995. One hundred and sixty-three questionnaires were dispatched, 131 (80%) were returned and 110 (67%) were complete. The results show that the following guidelines for duration of fast are acceptable to the majority of respondents-neonates: 2 h for clear fluids, 4 h for breast and formula milk; infants: 2 h for clear fluids, 4 h for breast milk, 6 h for formula milk and solids; children: 2 h for clear fluids, 6 h for milk and solids. We suggest that these times be used as guidelines and audited for pre-operative fasting in paediatric anaesthesia.
最近，关于小儿麻醉术前禁食的问题引发了诸多争论。对于接受择期手术的儿童，最佳禁食时间尚无共识。为了确立小儿术前禁食时间的标准，我们于1995年针对居住在英国和爱尔兰的小儿麻醉医师协会成员进行了一次邮寄调查。共发出163份问卷，回收131份（80%），其中110份（67%）完整有效。结果显示，大多数受访者认可以下禁食时长指南：新生儿：清亮液体2小时，母乳和配方奶4小时；婴儿：清亮液体2小时，母乳4小时，配方奶和固体食物6小时；儿童：清亮液体2小时，牛奶和固体食物6小时。我们建议将这些时间用作指南，并在小儿麻醉术前禁食方面进行审核。
