阿尔巴尼亚培拉特高危人群铅暴露的生物监测

Biological monitoring of lead exposure in high risk groups in Berat, Albania.

作者信息

Tabaku A, Bizgha V, Rahlenbeck S I

机构信息

Institute of Public Health, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Tirana, Albania.

出版信息

J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998 Apr;52(4):234-6. doi: 10.1136/jech.52.4.234.

DOI:10.1136/jech.52.4.234

PMID:9616409

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1756704/

Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVE

To determine blood lead concentrations in children living in an area with a battery plant in Berat, Albania. Another aim was to determine blood lead concentrations in mothers and cord blood levels in neonates from Berat and compare them with values found in Tirana.

DESIGN

Cross sectional survey with a 10% random sample of children, and a 10% sample of mothers and newborn.

SETTING

Hospitals, schools, and kinder-gartens in Berat and Tirana, Albania

PARTICIPANTS

129 preschool children, 373 school children, 151 mothers and their newborn.

MAIN RESULTS

The mean observed blood lead concentrations in 84 preschool children living less than 2 km from the battery plant was 43.4 micrograms/dl (SD 23.0) and significantly higher than in 45 preschool children (mean 15.0 micrograms/dl, SD 3.5) living more than 2 km from the plant. Mean lead concentrations in 145 school children living close to the plant were 26.6 micrograms/dl (SD 14.4) compared with 16.0 micrograms/dl in 228 school children living at a greater distance. In 67% of the preschool children and 41% of the school children lead levels exceeded the WHO borderline level of 20 micrograms/dl, and 98% of preschool children, and 82% of school children had values greater than 10 micrograms/dl. Mean lead concentrations in cord blood of 151 newborn was 8.9 micrograms/dl (median 8.8, range 4.9-20.0 micrograms/dl), and 10.6 micrograms/dl in blood of their mothers (median 10.0, range 5.0-25.4 micrograms/dl). Mean lead concentrations in Tirana were 8.9 (newborn), and 7.0 micrograms/dl (mothers).

CONCLUSIONS

Blood lead concentrations in children from Berat are comparatively high and abatement measures are needed.

摘要

研究目的

测定生活在阿尔巴尼亚培拉特一个有电池厂地区的儿童的血铅浓度。另一个目的是测定培拉特母亲的血铅浓度及新生儿的脐血铅水平，并将其与地拉那的测定值进行比较。

设计

对10%的儿童、10%的母亲和新生儿进行随机抽样的横断面调查。

地点

阿尔巴尼亚培拉特和地拉那的医院、学校及幼儿园

参与者

129名学龄前儿童、373名学龄儿童、151名母亲及其新生儿。

主要结果

生活在距电池厂不到2公里处的84名学龄前儿童的平均血铅浓度为43.4微克/分升（标准差23.0），显著高于生活在距工厂2公里以外的45名学龄前儿童（平均15.0微克/分升，标准差3.5）。生活在工厂附近的145名学龄儿童的平均铅浓度为26.6微克/分升（标准差14.4），而生活在较远地区的228名学龄儿童的平均铅浓度为16.0微克/分升。67%的学龄前儿童和41%的学龄儿童的血铅水平超过了世界卫生组织20微克/分升的临界值，98%的学龄前儿童和82%的学龄儿童的血铅值高于10微克/分升。151名新生儿脐血的平均铅浓度为8.9微克/分升（中位数8.8，范围4.9 - 20.0微克/分升），其母亲血液中的平均铅浓度为10.6微克/分升（中位数10.0，范围5.0 - 25.4微克/分升）。地拉那新生儿的平均铅浓度为8.9微克/分升，母亲为7.0微克/分升。