Verberk M M, Willems T E, Verplanke A J, De Wolff F A
Coronel Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Health, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Arch Environ Health. 1996 Jan-Feb;51(1):83-7. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1996.9935998.
The effect of lead on five renal-effect parameters was studied in 151 children (i.e., 3-6-y-olds) who resided at different distances from a lead smelter in Baia Mare, Romania. A relationship was found between concentration of lead in blood (mean +/- standard deviation: 342 +/- 224 microgram/l) and the activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in urine, as demonstrated by a 14% increase of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase per 100 micrograms/l blood lead that was indicative of renal tubular damage. No relationship was found between blood lead level and the renal-effect parameters albumin, alpha-1-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, or alanine aminopeptidase in urine. Cadmium in blood was not elevated. It is well known that N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase is a sensitive parameter for renal effects, resulting from lead exposure in adults and from diabetes and nephrotoxic medicines in children. This study is the first to demonstrate an effect of environmental lead exposure on renal integrity in children.
在罗马尼亚巴亚马雷，对151名居住在距铅冶炼厂不同距离的儿童（即3至6岁儿童）进行了铅对五项肾脏效应参数影响的研究。研究发现血铅浓度（平均值±标准差：342±224微克/升）与尿中N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性之间存在关联，每100微克/升血铅导致N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶增加14%，这表明肾小管受损。未发现血铅水平与尿中肾脏效应参数白蛋白、α-1-微球蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白或丙氨酸氨基肽酶之间存在关联。血镉未升高。众所周知，N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶是肾脏效应的一个敏感参数，在成人中由铅暴露导致，在儿童中由糖尿病和肾毒性药物导致。本研究首次证明环境铅暴露对儿童肾脏完整性有影响。
