Mainar-Jaime R C, Vázquez-Boland J A
Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Prev Vet Med. 1998 Mar 27;34(4):317-27. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5877(97)00091-3.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of small ruminants in the Madrid region (Spain) to determine the Mycobacterium paratuberculosis seroprevalence and to identify farm factors possibly associated with paratuberculosis (PTB). Farming-management information and sera were collected from 60 sheep or goat flocks. The relationship between seropositivity and the variables in the questionnaire was assessed by unconditional logistic regression, followed by random-effects logistic regression analysis to adjust for overdispersion between herds. The seroprevalence to M. paratuberculosis was 11.7% (64 out of 546) using agar-gel immunodiffusion assay (AGID). According to the sensitivity and specificity of the AGID test the true prevalence could be as high as 44%. A herd size of between 200-400 head and the presence of foreign breeds and their crosses were significantly associated with seropositivity (OR = 4.05 and OR = 4.32, respectively). A higher replacement rate was also associated with seroprevalence to M. paratuberculosis (24.2% in positive herds vs. 18.1% in negative). All these three factors were related to more intensive management in the surveyed area. In contrast, membership of a professional livestock association appeared to be a protective factor against PTB (OR = 0.28). No variables related to veterinary assistance were associated with seroprevalence, probably reflecting the current lack of interest in PTB on the part of the animal-health administration and veterinary services in Spain.
在西班牙马德里地区的小型反刍动物群体中开展了一项横断面研究，以确定副结核分枝杆菌血清阳性率，并识别可能与副结核病（PTB）相关的养殖场因素。从60个绵羊或山羊养殖场收集了养殖管理信息和血清。通过无条件逻辑回归评估血清阳性与问卷中各变量之间的关系，随后进行随机效应逻辑回归分析以校正畜群间的过度离散。使用琼脂凝胶免疫扩散试验（AGID）检测，副结核分枝杆菌的血清阳性率为11.7%（546份样本中有64份阳性）。根据AGID检测的敏感性和特异性，实际阳性率可能高达44%。畜群规模在200 - 400头之间以及存在外来品种及其杂交品种与血清阳性显著相关（比值比分别为4.05和4.32）。较高的更新率也与副结核分枝杆菌血清阳性率相关（阳性畜群中为24.2%，阴性畜群中为18.1%）。所有这三个因素都与调查地区更集约化的管理方式有关。相比之下，加入专业家畜协会似乎是预防PTB的一个保护因素（比值比 = 0.28）。没有与兽医援助相关的变量与血清阳性率相关，这可能反映出西班牙动物卫生管理部门和兽医服务机构目前对PTB缺乏关注。
