Nelson R L, Tempelis C H, Reeves W C, Milby M M
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1976 Jul;25(4):644-54. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1976.25.644.
Stable traps, each baited with a jackrabbit and either a chicken or a pheasant, collected more than 21,000 mosquitoes in the Sacramento Valley, California, in 1972 and 1973. The focus of interest was the feeding behavior of Culex tarsalis, a primary vector of encephalitis viruses. Generally, feeding success was less and feeding rates on the jackrabbit were greater when larger numbers of mosquitoes were collected, or when a bird was exposed that was less receptive to mosquito feeding. Greater feeding rates on the jackrabbit apparently resulted from decreased feeding on the avian host and from diversion of mosquitoes to the jackrabbit. Figures are given that show how changes in feeding rates on birds affect the probabilities that a mosquito that feeds twice would feel both times on a bird, or on a bird and then on a mammal. Relatively small collections of nine mosquito species other than C. tarsalis revealed distinct species differences in feeding behavior. Aedes malanimon showed a preference for jackrabbit, which is relevant to its role as a vector of western equine encephalitis and California encephalitis viruses.
1972年和1973年，在加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托山谷，用长耳大野兔以及鸡或雉作为诱饵的稳定诱捕器捕获了超过21000只蚊子。研究的重点是脑炎病毒的主要传播媒介——致倦库蚊的摄食行为。一般来说，当捕获的蚊子数量较多，或者所暴露的鸟类对蚊子摄食的接受度较低时，摄食成功率较低，而长耳大野兔上的摄食率较高。长耳大野兔上较高的摄食率显然是由于对鸟类宿主的摄食减少以及蚊子转向长耳大野兔所致。给出的数据表明了鸟类摄食率的变化如何影响一只摄食两次的蚊子两次都摄食鸟类，或者先摄食鸟类然后摄食哺乳动物的概率。除致倦库蚊外，对另外9种蚊子的相对少量捕获显示出摄食行为上明显的物种差异。马莱伊蚊表现出对长耳大野兔的偏好，这与其作为西部马脑炎病毒和加利福尼亚脑炎病毒传播媒介的作用有关。
