Kung L, Sheperd A C, Smagala A M, Endres K M, Bessett C A, Ranjit N K, Glancey J L
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Delaware, Newark 19717-1303, USA.
J Dairy Sci. 1998 May;81(5):1322-30. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75695-4.
For 3 successive yr, whole-plant corn was ensiled in laboratory silos with low percentages of silage preservatives, the primary active ingredient of which was propionic acid. Preservatives were added to forage just prior to ensiling at rates of 0.1 to 0.2% of the fresh forage weight. In all 3 yr, treatments had minor effects on fermentation end products, except that the concentration of propionic acid was greater because of its addition. The mean low and high percentages of preservatives increased aerobic stability of the treated silages by 19 and 57 h, respectively, in Experiment 1 and by 17 and 38 h, respectively, in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, aerobic stability was improved by > 90 h by preservatives (0.2% addition). In a lactation study, a total mixed ration (46% dry matter) was mixed without or with (0.2 or 0.3%) a stabilizer that was designed to prevent spoilage in the feed bunk. The high dose resulted in orts with a lower pH and temperature after 24 h in the feed bunk. However, dry matter intake and milk production were unaffected by treatments. Chemical preservatives based on propionic acid added at low rates did not affect fermentation but were effective in the reduction of heating in corn silage and in a total mixed ration.
连续3年，将整株玉米青贮于实验室青贮窖中，青贮防腐剂添加比例较低，其主要活性成分是丙酸。在青贮前将防腐剂以新鲜草料重量的0.1%至0.2%的比例添加到草料中。在这3年中，各处理对发酵终产物影响较小，只是由于添加了丙酸，其浓度更高。在实验1中，防腐剂添加比例的低均值和高均值分别使处理后的青贮饲料的有氧稳定性提高了19小时和57小时，在实验2中分别提高了17小时和38小时。在实验3中，添加防腐剂（添加量为0.2%）使有氧稳定性提高了90多个小时。在一项泌乳研究中，全混合日粮（干物质含量46%）在不添加或添加（0.2%或0.3%）旨在防止饲料槽中饲料变质的稳定剂的情况下进行混合。高剂量处理使饲料槽中24小时后的剩料pH值和温度较低。然而，干物质采食量和产奶量不受处理影响。低比例添加的基于丙酸的化学防腐剂不影响发酵，但能有效减少玉米青贮饲料和全混合日粮中的发热现象。
