Cheng Qiming, Chen Liangyin, Chen Yulian, Li Ping, Chen Chao
College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Microorganisms. 2022 Apr 8;10(4):787. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10040787.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been proposed for the control of undesirable fermentation and, subsequently, aerobic deterioration due to their ability to produce antimicrobial metabolites in silage mass. To investigate the effect of specific LAB on the silage fermentation characteristics and bacterial community composition of oat in cold regions, silages were treated without (control) or with three LAB strains (LB, Lentilactobacillus buchneri; nLP, low temperature tolerant Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; pLP, phenyllactic acid-producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum), and then stored at ambient temperature (−2.63 ± 5.47−14.29 ± 5.48 °C) for 30, 60, and 90 days. Compared with control, inoculation of LAB decreased the final pH value, butyric acid content, ammonia-N of total N and dry matter loss of silage. Treatments with nLP and pLP increased (p < 0.05) lactic acid content, whereas LB increased (p < 0.05) acetic acid content of silage. Lactiplantibacillus and Leuconostoc dominated in the silages with relative abundance of 68.29−96.63%. A prolonged storage period enhanced the growth of Leuconostoc in pLP-treated silage. In addition, pLP increased (p < 0.05) the aerobic stability of silage as compared with nLP. In conclusion, inoculation of LAB improved silage fermentation and/or delayed aerobic deterioration by shifting bacterial community composition during ensiling. Phenyllactic acid-producing Lactiplantibacillusplantarum as an inoculant exhibited potential for high quality silage production.
乳酸菌（LAB）因其能够在青贮饲料中产生抗菌代谢产物，已被提议用于控制不良发酵以及随后的有氧变质。为了研究特定乳酸菌对寒冷地区燕麦青贮发酵特性和细菌群落组成的影响，对青贮饲料进行了不添加（对照）或添加三种乳酸菌菌株（LB，布氏乳杆菌；nLP，耐低温植物乳杆菌；pLP，产苯乳酸植物乳杆菌）的处理，然后在环境温度（-2.63±5.47 - 14.29±5.48℃）下储存30、60和90天。与对照相比，接种乳酸菌降低了青贮饲料的最终pH值、丁酸含量、总氮中的氨态氮以及干物质损失。nLP和pLP处理提高了（p<0.05）乳酸含量，而LB提高了（p<0.05）青贮饲料的乙酸含量。植物乳杆菌和明串珠菌在青贮饲料中占主导地位，相对丰度为68.29 - 96.63%。延长储存期促进了pLP处理青贮饲料中明串珠菌的生长。此外，与nLP相比，pLP提高了（p<0.05）青贮饲料的有氧稳定性。总之，接种乳酸菌通过在青贮过程中改变细菌群落组成改善了青贮发酵和/或延缓了有氧变质。产苯乳酸植物乳杆菌作为接种剂在优质青贮饲料生产中具有潜力。
