Schaefer S L, DeCamp C E, Hauptman J G, Walton A
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 1998 Jun;59(6):680-5.
To describe intratrial differences in hind limb symmetry in healthy dogs at the trot, using noninvasive, computer-assisted, three-dimensional kinematic gait analysis.
8 clinically normal large-breed adult dogs.
Dynamic flexion and extension angles and angular velocities were calculated for the coxofemoral, femorotibial, and tarsal joints of dogs at the trot. Temporal and distance variables were computed. Essential Fourier coefficients were used to determine mean flexion and extension curves for all joints and to compare differences in movement between right and left hind limbs. Variances attributable to limb, dog, and trial were determined.
Each joint had a characteristic pattern of flexion and extension movement that was used to compare intratrial symmetry of hind limb gait. Significant differences were not detected in temporal or distance variables between the right and left hind limbs. Significant differences were not noted in essential Fourier coefficients used to characterize coxofemoral, femorotibial, and tarsal joint angles and angular velocities, with the exception of the cosine-0 coefficient for coxofemoral angular velocity. Variation in joint angle and angular velocity measurements were attributable to individual dog and trial. Variation attributable to limb was negligible.
Intratrial evaluation of right-left hind limb symmetry, using kinematic gait analysis, indicated objectively that hind limb movement is symmetrical at the trot in healthy large-breed dogs.
Documentation of hind limb symmetry at the trot will help provide a basis for direct comparison of both hind limbs in future studies evaluating gait and treatment of dogs with musculoskeletal disease.
使用非侵入性计算机辅助三维运动步态分析，描述健康犬在小跑时后肢对称性的试验内差异。
8只临床正常的大型成年犬。
计算犬在小跑时髋关节、股胫关节和跗关节的动态屈伸角度和角速度。计算时间和距离变量。使用基本傅里叶系数确定所有关节的平均屈伸曲线，并比较左右后肢之间的运动差异。确定肢体、犬和试验导致的方差。
每个关节都有其独特的屈伸运动模式，用于比较后肢步态的试验内对称性。左右后肢在时间或距离变量上未检测到显著差异。用于表征髋关节、股胫关节和跗关节角度及角速度的基本傅里叶系数，除髋关节角速度的余弦0系数外，均未发现显著差异。关节角度和角速度测量值的变化归因于个体犬和试验。归因于肢体的变化可忽略不计。
使用运动步态分析对左右后肢对称性进行试验内评估，客观表明健康大型犬在小跑时后肢运动是对称的。
记录小跑时后肢的对称性，将有助于为未来评估肌肉骨骼疾病犬的步态和治疗的研究中直接比较双后肢提供基础。
