Fillmore K M, Golding J M, Graves K L, Kniep S, Leino E V, Romelsjö A, Shoemaker C, Ager C R, Allebeck P, Ferrer H P
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0646, USA.
Addiction. 1998 Feb;93(2):219-29. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.9322196.x.
This is the third of a set of three papers evaluating drinking status and mortality risk. Analysis of three general population surveys of women evaluated all-cause mortality rates by drinking pattern.
Raw data from three studies of adult women were evaluated. Logistic regression models controlled for confounding characteristics. Meta-analysis combined study results.
Drinking pattern was alternatively defined by quantity, frequency and volume of drinking. Final models included drinking pattern (including long-term abstainers and former drinkers) as well as age and other confounding variables. Models also evaluated interactions of age and, respectively, long-term abstinence and former drinking.
In models in which age was controlled, odds of death for long-term abstainers and former drinkers (defined by volume or quantity) were greater than those for light drinkers; odds of death for moderate and heavy drinkers (defined by quantity) were greater than those for light drinkers. When other psychosocial attributes were controlled, odds of death were similar for abstainers and light drinkers. When other psychosocial attributes were controlled, odds of death for heavy drinkers (defined by volume and quantity) were greater than those for light drinkers. When interactions of age and the two forms of abstinence were introduced, one study showed a significant effect of age and former drinking.
Results were consistent with the hypothesis that characteristics of abstainers other than their non-use of alcohol may account for their higher mortality risk. With the exception of former drinkers compared to light drinkers, when interactions were introduced into models (for measures of quantity and frequency) findings were homogeneous across studies, lending generalizability to results.
这是一组三篇评估饮酒状况和死亡风险的论文中的第三篇。对三项女性普通人群调查进行分析，按饮酒模式评估全因死亡率。
对三项成年女性研究的原始数据进行评估。逻辑回归模型对混杂特征进行了控制。荟萃分析合并了研究结果。
饮酒模式通过饮酒量、饮酒频率和饮酒总量进行交替定义。最终模型包括饮酒模式（包括长期戒酒者和既往饮酒者）以及年龄和其他混杂变量。模型还分别评估了年龄与长期戒酒和既往饮酒之间的相互作用。
在控制年龄的模型中，长期戒酒者和既往饮酒者（按饮酒总量或饮酒量定义）的死亡几率高于轻度饮酒者；中度和重度饮酒者（按饮酒量定义）的死亡几率高于轻度饮酒者。当控制其他社会心理属性时，戒酒者和轻度饮酒者的死亡几率相似。当控制其他社会心理属性时，重度饮酒者（按饮酒总量和饮酒量定义）的死亡几率高于轻度饮酒者。当引入年龄与两种戒酒形式的相互作用时，一项研究显示年龄和既往饮酒有显著影响。
结果与以下假设一致，即戒酒者除了不饮酒之外的其他特征可能是其较高死亡风险的原因。与轻度饮酒者相比，除了既往饮酒者之外，当在模型中引入相互作用（针对饮酒量和饮酒频率的测量）时，研究结果在各研究中是一致的，这使得结果具有普遍适用性。
