Cook N
Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research, Salisbury, Wilshire, UK.
Burns. 1998 Mar;24(2):91-8. doi: 10.1016/s0305-4179(97)00114-9.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a frequent cause of nosocomial infection, its increasing prevalence posing serious therapeutic and infection control problems within the hospital environment. MRSA is a major challenge to the burn patient, with potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Burn patients have been shown to become colonised and infected more readily than other patient groups. Extensive burn injuries are particularly susceptible to infection as a result of the disruption of the normal skin barrier and accompanying depression of immune responses. Extended hospitalisation and antibiotic therapy have been identified as additional risk factors for MRSA carriage and infection. Microbial surveillance, epidemiological studies and the introduction of strict infection control regimes can reduce the prevalence of MRSA but may be insufficient for eradication or prevention of outbreak situations. Recognition of the clinical importance of MRSA to the burn patient highlights the need to take appropriate measures to minimise transmission and infection in this vulnerable group of patients.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）已成为医院感染的常见病因，其日益增加的流行率在医院环境中带来了严重的治疗和感染控制问题。MRSA对烧伤患者构成重大挑战，有可能导致显著的发病率和死亡率。已证明烧伤患者比其他患者群体更容易被定植和感染。由于正常皮肤屏障的破坏以及伴随的免疫反应抑制，大面积烧伤尤其容易受到感染。延长住院时间和抗生素治疗已被确定为MRSA携带和感染的额外风险因素。微生物监测、流行病学研究以及引入严格的感染控制制度可以降低MRSA的流行率，但可能不足以根除或预防暴发情况。认识到MRSA对烧伤患者的临床重要性凸显了采取适当措施以尽量减少在这一弱势群体中传播和感染的必要性。
