Ashford R W
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, U.K.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1997 Oct;91(7):693-701. doi: 10.1080/00034989760428.
Of the 374 species of parasite recorded as naturally infecting Homo sapiens, all but some 40 are zoonotic. A classification of human parasites is proposed, based on the role of H. sapiens in the maintenance of suprapopulations. Categories range from 1, for which man is irrelevant to the persistence of the species, to 4, which includes the small number of host-specific forms. The classification is illustrated by various species of Leishmania, and these are used to illustrate various host-parasite systems. The 'Wells effect' is proposed, to describe the protection of host populations by their parasites.
在记录的自然感染智人的374种寄生虫中，除了约40种外，其余都是人畜共患的。基于智人在维持超种群中的作用，提出了一种人类寄生虫分类方法。类别从1（人类与该物种的持续存在无关）到4（包括少数宿主特异性类型）。以利什曼原虫的各种物种为例说明了这种分类，并且这些物种被用来阐释各种宿主 - 寄生虫系统。提出了“韦尔斯效应”，以描述宿主种群被其寄生虫保护的现象。
