Pérez-Escamilla R, Himmelgreen D, Segura-Millán S, González A, Ferris A M, Damio G, Bermúdez-Vega A
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4017, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1998 Jun;98(6):657-63. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00150-3.
To identify factors associated with the initiation of breast-feeding in a predominantly Puerto Rican population living in inner-city Hartford, Conn.
Retrospective study of 144 Latino women (mean +/- standard deviation age = 26.3 +/- 5.7 years) with children at least 1 year old but younger than 6 years old (mean +/- standard deviation age = 3.0 +/- 1.2 years) at the time of the survey. Women were recruited from agencies sponsoring health programs for mothers and children. They were interviewed in their homes (69%) or at the Hispanic Health Council, Hartford, Conn (31%).
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Low-income Latino women who had at least 1 preschooler at the time of the interview. The women lived in inner-city Hartford, and the overwhelming majority were Puerto Rican and received welfare assistance and food stamps. Seventy-eight percent of the women chose to be interviewed in Spanish; the other 22% were interviewed in English.
Explanatory variables that related to breast-feeding initiation (P < or = .2) in bivariate chi 2 analyses were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model that was reduced using backward stepwise elimination procedures.
Multivariate analyses indicated that breast-feeding the previous child, shorter length of maternal residence in the United States, not receiving prenatal bottle-feeding advice, more recent birth, and higher birth weight were positively associated with breast-feeding initiation. A major reason for choosing not to breast-feed was that women felt socially uncomfortable doing it.
Breast-feeding initiation was more likely in Latino women who received prenatal breast-feeding counselling and postpartum support. Mothers of low-birth-weight infants and women breast-feeding for the first time may need additional help. These findings can be used by programs like the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children to increase breast-feeding initiation.
确定居住在康涅狄格州哈特福德市中心、以波多黎各人为主的人群中与开始母乳喂养相关的因素。
对144名拉丁裔女性进行回顾性研究（平均年龄±标准差=26.3±5.7岁），其子女在调查时至少1岁但未满6岁（平均年龄±标准差=3.0±1.2岁）。这些女性是从为母亲和儿童提供健康项目的机构招募而来。她们在自己家中接受访谈（69%），或在康涅狄格州哈特福德市的西班牙裔健康委员会接受访谈（31%）。
研究对象/研究背景：访谈时至少有一名学龄前儿童的低收入拉丁裔女性。这些女性居住在哈特福德市中心，绝大多数是波多黎各人，接受福利援助和食品券。78%的女性选择用西班牙语接受访谈；其他22%用英语接受访谈。
在双变量卡方分析中与开始母乳喂养相关（P≤0.2）的解释变量被纳入多元逻辑回归模型，该模型使用向后逐步淘汰程序进行简化。
多变量分析表明，前一个孩子进行母乳喂养、母亲在美国居住时间较短、未接受产前奶瓶喂养建议、近期分娩以及出生体重较高与开始母乳喂养呈正相关。选择不母乳喂养的一个主要原因是女性觉得这样做在社交上不自在。
接受产前母乳喂养咨询和产后支持的拉丁裔女性更有可能开始母乳喂养。低体重婴儿的母亲和首次进行母乳喂养的女性可能需要额外的帮助。妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养项目等计划可以利用这些研究结果来增加母乳喂养的开始率。
