Thiels C, Schmidt U, Treasure J, Garthe R, Troop N
Fachbereich Sozialwesen, Fachhochschule Bielefeld.
Nervenarzt. 1998 May;69(5):427-36. doi: 10.1007/s001150050292.
We compared 8 fortnightly sessions plus a self-care manual (guided self change, GSC) with 16 weekly individual sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). There were 31 sufferers of DSM-III-R-bulimia nervosa (BN) in each group. Both treatments resulted in significant improvements regarding self and interviewer based measures of bulimia nervosa as well as depression, self-esteem, quality of life and knowledge about nutrition, weight and shape. There were no significant differences between therapies regarding drop-out rate, compliance with follow-up, and the number of patients receiving additional treatment. At none of the assessments was there a significant difference between GSC and CBT regarding severity of BN, Beck Depression Inventory-score, self-esteem, and quality of life. A significantly higher percentage of CBT-patients were abstinent from bingeing for at least one week at the end of treatment. Three months later, the GSC-group had caught up in this respect and knew more about nutition, weight and shape. Only the sum-scores on a BN self-rating scale were worse for GSC than CBT at the end of therapy and at follow-up. There were no significant differences between the two groups in general treatment satisfaction and judgement about the usefulness of the therapies. Thus, guided self change with a selfcare manual can save therapist time without impinging significantly on treatment satisfaction and effectiveness.
我们将8次每两周一次的疗程加一本自我护理手册(引导式自我改变,GSC)与16次每周一次的个体认知行为疗法(CBT)进行了比较。每组有31名患有《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本(DSM-III-R)中的神经性贪食症(BN)的患者。两种治疗方法在基于自我和访谈者的神经性贪食症测量指标以及抑郁、自尊、生活质量和营养、体重及体型知识方面均带来了显著改善。在治疗退出率、随访依从性以及接受额外治疗的患者数量方面,两种疗法之间没有显著差异。在任何一项评估中,GSC和CBT在神经性贪食症严重程度、贝克抑郁量表得分、自尊和生活质量方面均无显著差异。在治疗结束时,接受CBT治疗的患者中至少有一周没有暴饮暴食的比例显著更高。三个月后,GSC组在这方面已经赶上,并且对营养、体重和体型了解得更多。仅在治疗结束时和随访时,GSC组在神经性贪食症自评量表上的总分比CBT组差。两组在总体治疗满意度和对疗法有用性的判断方面没有显著差异。因此,使用自我护理手册进行引导式自我改变可以节省治疗师的时间,而不会显著影响治疗满意度和有效性。