Black M M, Krishnakumar A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
Am Psychol. 1998 Jun;53(6):635-46. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.53.6.635.
Urbanization provides unique political, cultural, economic, and educational opportunities for children and families. However, it may also have a negative impact on the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents, particularly when they are exposed to settings with high rates of crime, violence, delinquency, substance use, abuse, and poverty. Psychologists are well suited to intervene in problems associated with urbanization. However, most psychological services have been directed toward children who are experiencing problems, and there has been less focus on population-based or preemptive interventions that prevent problems before they occur. This review presents 11 recommendations for urban interventions that build on individual, family, and community strengths to promote the mental health and well-being of urban children and adolescents.
城市化给儿童和家庭带来了独特的政治、文化、经济和教育机会。然而，它也可能对儿童和青少年的心理健康和幸福产生负面影响，尤其是当他们身处犯罪率、暴力、犯罪行为、物质使用、虐待和贫困率较高的环境中时。心理学家非常适合干预与城市化相关的问题。然而，大多数心理服务都针对有问题的儿童，而较少关注基于人群或预防性的干预措施，即在问题发生之前进行预防。本综述提出了11项针对城市干预的建议，这些建议基于个人、家庭和社区的优势，以促进城市儿童和青少年的心理健康和幸福。
