Shinn-Cunningham B G, Durlach N I, Held R M
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1998 Jun;103(6):3656-66. doi: 10.1121/1.423088.
Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) were used to create spatialized stimuli for presentation through earphones. Subjects performed forced-choice, identification tests during which allowed response directions were indicated visually. In each experimental session, subjects were first presented with auditory stimuli in which the stimulus HRTFs corresponded to the allowed response directions. The correspondence between the HRTFs used to generate the stimuli and the directions was then changed so that response directions no longer corresponded to the HRTFs in the natural way. Feedback was used to train subjects as to which spatial cues corresponded to which of the allowed responses. Finally, the normal correspondence between direction and HRTFs was reinstated. This basic experimental paradigm was used to explore the effects of the type of feedback provided, the complexity of the stimulated acoustic scene, the number of allowed response positions, and the magnitude of the HRTF transformation subjects had to learn. Data showed that (1) although subjects may not adapt completely to a new relationship between physical stimuli and direction, response bias decreases substantially with training, and (2) the ability to resolve different HRTFs depends both on the stimuli presented and on the state of adaptation of the subject.
头部相关传递函数（HRTFs）被用于创建通过耳机呈现的空间化刺激。受试者进行强制选择识别测试，在此期间，允许的反应方向通过视觉指示。在每个实验环节中，首先向受试者呈现听觉刺激，其中刺激的HRTFs与允许的反应方向相对应。然后改变用于生成刺激的HRTFs与方向之间的对应关系，使得反应方向不再以自然方式与HRTFs相对应。使用反馈来训练受试者哪些空间线索对应哪些允许的反应。最后，恢复方向与HRTFs之间的正常对应关系。这个基本的实验范式被用于探究所提供反馈的类型、受刺激声学场景的复杂性、允许的反应位置数量以及受试者必须学习的HRTF变换幅度的影响。数据表明：（1）尽管受试者可能不会完全适应物理刺激与方向之间的新关系，但随着训练反应偏差会大幅降低；（2）分辨不同HRTFs的能力既取决于所呈现的刺激，也取决于受试者的适应状态。
