Andrejková Gabriela, Best Virginia, Kopčo Norbert
Institute of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, 04001, Slovakia.
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2023 Oct 1;154(4):2191-2202. doi: 10.1121/10.0021304.
Psychophysical experiments explored how the repeated presentation of a context, consisting of an adaptor and a target, induces plasticity in the localization of an identical target presented alone on interleaved trials. The plasticity, and its time course, was examined both in a classroom and in an anechoic chamber. Adaptors and targets were 2 ms noise clicks and listeners were tasked with localizing the targets while ignoring the adaptors (when present). The context was either simple, consisting of a single-click adaptor and a target, or complex, containing either a single-click or an eight-click adaptor that varied from trial to trial. The adaptor was presented either from a frontal or a lateral location, fixed within a run. The presence of context caused responses to the isolated targets to be displaced up to 14° away from the adaptor location. This effect was stronger and slower if the context was complex, growing over the 5 min duration of the runs. Additionally, the simple context buildup had a slower onset in the classroom. Overall, the results illustrate that sound localization is subject to slow adaptive processes that depend on the spatial and temporal structure of the context and on the level of reverberation in the environment.
心理物理学实验探究了由一个适应刺激和一个目标刺激组成的情境的重复呈现，是如何在交错试验中单独呈现相同目标刺激时，诱导其定位的可塑性的。在教室和消声室中都对这种可塑性及其时间进程进行了研究。适应刺激和目标刺激均为2毫秒的噪声点击声，要求听众在忽略适应刺激（若有）的同时对目标刺激进行定位。情境要么是简单的，由单次点击的适应刺激和一个目标刺激组成；要么是复杂的，包含单次点击或每次试验都不同的八次点击的适应刺激。适应刺激在每次试验中从固定的前方或侧面位置呈现。情境的存在会使对孤立目标刺激的反应偏离适应刺激位置多达14°。如果情境复杂，这种效应会更强且更缓慢，在试验持续的5分钟内逐渐增强。此外，简单情境的形成在教室中起始更慢。总体而言，结果表明声音定位受到缓慢的适应性过程的影响，这些过程取决于情境的空间和时间结构以及环境中的混响水平。
