Kretzer E K, Larson E L
Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 1998 Jun;26(3):245-53. doi: 10.1016/s0196-6553(98)80008-4.
No single intervention has been successful in improving and sustaining such infection control practices as universal precautions and handwashing by health care professionals. This paper examines several behavioral theories (Health Belief Model, Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior, self-efficacy, and the Transtheoretic Model) and relates them to individual factors, also considering interpersonal and organizational factors. Further, this article includes recommendations of individual and organizational components to be addressed when planning a theoretically based intervention for improving infection control practices. A hypothetic framework to enhance handwashing practice is proposed.
没有任何单一干预措施能成功改善并维持诸如医护人员普遍预防措施和洗手等感染控制措施。本文探讨了几种行为理论（健康信念模型、理性行动理论和计划行为理论、自我效能感以及跨理论模型），并将它们与个体因素相关联，同时也考虑了人际因素和组织因素。此外，本文还包括了在规划基于理论的干预措施以改善感染控制措施时需要关注的个体和组织组成部分的建议。本文提出了一个增强洗手行为的假设框架。
