Ebata T, Izumi H, Aizawa H, Kamide R, Niimura M
Department of Dermatology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Br J Dermatol. 1998 Apr;138(4):631-4. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02174.x.
We investigated the effect of nitrazepam on nocturnal scratching in 10 adult out-patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) using a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover method. Patients were given either nitrazepam (Benzalin tablets containing 5 mg nitrazepam) or a placebo on 3 successive nights, with a washout interval of 4 days. We used an infrared video camera to identify bouts of scratching lasting more than 5 s. These were counted and the duration of all the bouts of scratching (total scratching time, TST) was calculated. The percentage of TST to total recording time (TST%) was used as an index of nocturnal scratching. The frequency with which bouts of scratching (bouts/h) occurred was reduced by 10 mg nitrazepam (7.7 +/- 3.6 with nitrazepam vs. 9.6 +/- 3.6 with placebo, P < 0.05). However, the mean duration (s/bout) of the bouts of scratching was longer with 10 mg nitrazepam (32.3 +/- 23.4 with nitrazepam vs. 19.1 +/- 10.0 with placebo, P < 0.05). As a result, there was no significant difference between TST% (6.5 +/- 4.2 with nitrazepam vs. 5.4 +/- 3.8 with placebo, not significant). All the above values are mean +/- SD. The degree of itching and the condition of the AD did not change during the 2 weeks of the study. We conclude that taking 10 mg nitrazepam is not an effective way of reducing the total duration of nocturnal scratching in AD patients, although it decreases the frequency with which bouts of nocturnal scratching occur.
我们采用双盲安慰剂对照交叉法，对10名患有特应性皮炎（AD）的成年门诊患者进行了硝西泮对夜间搔抓影响的研究。患者连续3个晚上服用硝西泮（含5毫克硝西泮的Benzalin片）或安慰剂，洗脱期为4天。我们使用红外摄像机识别持续超过5秒的搔抓发作。对这些发作进行计数，并计算所有搔抓发作的持续时间（总搔抓时间，TST）。TST占总记录时间的百分比（TST%）用作夜间搔抓的指标。10毫克硝西泮可降低搔抓发作的频率（硝西泮组为7.7±3.6次/小时，安慰剂组为9.6±3.6次/小时，P<0.05）。然而，10毫克硝西泮组搔抓发作的平均持续时间（秒/次）更长（硝西泮组为32.3±23.4秒/次，安慰剂组为19.1±10.0秒/次，P<0.05）。结果，TST%在硝西泮组为6.5±4.2，在安慰剂组为5.4±3.8，无显著差异。上述所有值均为平均值±标准差。在研究的2周内，瘙痒程度和AD病情没有变化。我们得出结论，服用10毫克硝西泮虽然可减少AD患者夜间搔抓发作的频率，但并非减少夜间搔抓总持续时间的有效方法。
