Blancou J
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1998;91(2):123-6.
The author examines in turn methods and results for surveillance and control of rabies in animals. Surveillance is essentially carried out by collecting laboratory results from diagnoses of rabies in animals through direct immunofluorescence in the sample or after mouse inoculation or inoculation in cell cultures. Due to technical and financial constraints, the results collected are usually insufficient in number, particularly in developing countries. Surveillance of rabies is thus often based on data obtained from a non-target species (human beings). Disease prophylaxis varies according to whether rabies is found in wildlife or domestic animals. In both cases, there is at present a tendency to abandon methods of sanitary prophylaxis by reducing the number of vector-animals (fox, stray dogs, cats, bats, etc.), and instead to introduce medical prophylaxis by preventive vaccination. As a result, oral vaccination has already given spectacular results in the fight against rabies in foxes, and could also be used for dogs. The author specifies the conditions for applying this vaccination.
作者依次考察了动物狂犬病监测与控制的方法和结果。监测主要通过收集动物狂犬病诊断的实验室结果来进行，这些结果通过样本中的直接免疫荧光法、小鼠接种法或细胞培养接种法获得。由于技术和资金限制，收集到的结果数量通常不足，尤其是在发展中国家。因此，狂犬病监测往往基于从非目标物种（人类）获得的数据。根据狂犬病是在野生动物还是家畜中被发现，疾病预防措施有所不同。在这两种情况下，目前都有一种趋势，即通过减少媒介动物（狐狸、流浪狗、猫、蝙蝠等）的数量来放弃卫生预防方法，转而通过预防性疫苗接种引入医学预防措施。结果，口服疫苗接种在对抗狐狸狂犬病方面已经取得了惊人的成果，也可用于狗。作者明确了应用这种疫苗接种的条件。
