吗啡对小鼠和大鼠脑局部乙酰胆碱水平的急性影响。
Acute effects of morphine on regional brain levels of acetylcholine in mice and rats.
作者信息
Green J P, Glick S D, Crane A M, Szilagyi P I
出版信息
Eur J Pharmacol. 1976 Sep;39(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(76)90116-3.
Morphine increased levels of acetylcholine in mouse striatum in a dose-dependent manner, the increase occurring at the lowest dose previously found to produce analgesia and coinciding with the time of peak analgesic effect. Naloxone blocked this increase. After repeated injections of high doses of morphine, no effect was seen. The hippocampus was the only other brain region showing an effect, and this after a high dose. In the rat, morphine (30 and 90 mg/kg) increased striatal acetylcholine levels. At these and lower doses (2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) the ratios in the striatum of levels of acetylcholine to levels of dopamine were significantly increased. Only at the highest dose did morphine increase the levels of dopamine in the striatum and of acetylcholine in the hippocampus. Morphine did not change the levels of dopamine in the striatum and of acetylcholine in the hippocampus. Morphine did not change the levels of norepinephrine in either the hypothalamus or cortex of the rat.
吗啡以剂量依赖的方式增加小鼠纹状体中乙酰胆碱的水平，这种增加在先前发现产生镇痛作用的最低剂量时就会出现，且与镇痛效果的峰值时间一致。纳洛酮可阻断这种增加。在反复注射高剂量吗啡后，未观察到效果。海马体是唯一显示出有作用的其他脑区，且是在高剂量之后。在大鼠中，吗啡（30毫克/千克和90毫克/千克）增加纹状体中乙酰胆碱的水平。在这些剂量及更低剂量（2.5毫克/千克和10毫克/千克）时，纹状体中乙酰胆碱水平与多巴胺水平的比值显著增加。仅在最高剂量时，吗啡才增加纹状体中多巴胺的水平以及海马体中乙酰胆碱的水平。吗啡并未改变大鼠下丘脑或皮质中去甲肾上腺素的水平。
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