Leung R, Lam C W, Chan A, Lee M, Chan I H, Pang S W, Lai C K
Department of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1998 May;28(5):585-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.00281.x.
The prevalence of asthma and allergic disease has been increasing in Hong Kong and environmental factors are thought to play a major role.
To define the distribution of common inhaled allergens and air pollutants inside residential homes in Hong Kong.
Forty randomly selected residential homes were visited and surveyed. Dust samples were collected from mattress, bedroom floor, lounge room floor and kitchen floor for assays of Der p 1, Fel d 1, and Bla g 2. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels were measured by stationary samplers left in the bedroom, lounge room and kitchen over a 1-week period.
All 40 homes were apartments in high-rise buildings and the mean age of the homes was 7.6 +/- 4.8 years. Visible dampness and mould patches were present in 27.5% of homes and the main fuel for cooking was gas (97.5%). Der p 1, Fel d 1 and Bla g 2 were detectable in at least 1 niche in over 85% of homes. In particular, all dust samples from mattress and bedroom floor contained Der p 1, and over 50% had levels > or = 2 microg/g. The (geometric) mean Der p 1 level in mattress dust was 8.8 (0.3-157.8) microg/g. Fel d 1 and Bla g 2 were present in low levels throughout the homes with respective (geometric) means of 0.3 (0-3.7) microg/g and 0.1 (0-1.1) Unit/g in mattress dust. NO2 was readily detected in all niches but the highest level was in the kitchen with mean exposure of 48.7 ppb which was 1.5 times higher than that in the bedroom and lounge room.
Major allergens of mite, cat and cockroach, and NO2 are present in varying quantities in residential homes in Hong Kong. Exposure to these environmental factors could be important in the development of asthma and allergic diseases in susceptible individuals.
香港哮喘和过敏性疾病的患病率一直在上升，环境因素被认为起主要作用。
确定香港住宅内常见吸入性过敏原和空气污染物的分布情况。
随机走访并调查了40户住宅。从床垫、卧室地板、客厅地板和厨房地板采集灰尘样本，检测其中的屋尘螨主要变应原Der p 1、猫毛屑主要变应原Fel d 1和德国小蠊主要变应原Bla g 2。通过在卧室、客厅和厨房放置的固定采样器，在1周时间内测量二氧化氮（NO₂）水平。
所有40户住宅均为高层建筑中的公寓，住宅平均房龄为7.6±4.8年。27.5%的住宅有可见潮湿和霉菌斑，主要烹饪燃料为燃气（97.5%）。超过85%的住宅中至少有一个位置可检测到Der p 1、Fel d 1和Bla g 2。特别是，床垫和卧室地板的所有灰尘样本中都含有Der p 1，超过50%的样本含量≥2微克/克。床垫灰尘中Der p 1的（几何）平均水平为8.8（0.3 - 157.8）微克/克。Fel d 1和Bla g 2在住宅内各处含量较低，床垫灰尘中各自的（几何）平均水平分别为0.3（0 - 3.7）微克/克和0.1（0 - 1.1）单位/克。所有位置均能轻易检测到NO₂，但最高水平出现在厨房，平均暴露量为48.7 ppb，比卧室和客厅高1.5倍。
香港住宅内存在不同数量的螨虫、猫和蟑螂的主要过敏原以及NO₂。接触这些环境因素可能对易感个体哮喘和过敏性疾病的发生发展具有重要影响。
