Adamo S A
Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
J Parasitol. 1998 Jun;84(3):529-33.
When infected, some insects can raise their body temperature by moving to warmer areas. This behavioral fever response can help the host overcome infection. However, not all parasites and pathogens are equally susceptible to increases in host temperature. Elevating the temperature of the cricket Acheta domesticus from room temperature (22 C) to 33 C did not reduce the survival of parasitoid flies or reduce the number of gregarine gut protozoans, and crickets infested with these parasites showed no increase in their temperature preference. Warmer temperatures (33 C) did not increase the survival of crickets infected with the bacterium Serratia marcescens, and infected crickets did not prefer warmer temperatures. However crickets infected with the intracellular parasite Rickettsiella grylli were more likely to survive when the host was exposed to warmer temperatures. Crickets infected with R. grylli increased their preferred temperature from 26 C to 32 C. In A. domesticus, behavioral fever may be a specific response induced by relatively few pathogens and parasites. Behavioral fever in insects may differ in this respect from fever in mammals that can be elicited by a wide variety of parasites and pathogens.
一些昆虫在被感染时，可以通过移至较温暖的区域来提高体温。这种行为热反应有助于宿主战胜感染。然而，并非所有寄生虫和病原体都同样易受宿主温度升高的影响。将家蟋蟀（Acheta domesticus）的温度从室温（22摄氏度）提高到33摄氏度，并不会降低寄生蝇的存活率，也不会减少肠道内格雷格里原虫的数量，感染这些寄生虫的蟋蟀在温度偏好上也没有增加。较高的温度（33摄氏度）并不会提高感染粘质沙雷氏菌的蟋蟀的存活率，且受感染的蟋蟀也不偏好较温暖的温度。然而，当宿主暴露于较高温度时，感染细胞内寄生虫格里利立克次氏体（Rickettsiella grylli）的蟋蟀更有可能存活。感染了格里利立克次氏体的蟋蟀将其偏好温度从26摄氏度提高到了32摄氏度。在家蟋蟀中，行为热反应可能是由相对较少的病原体和寄生虫引发的一种特定反应。昆虫的行为热反应在这方面可能与哺乳动物的发热不同，哺乳动物的发热可由多种寄生虫和病原体引发。
