Kellner K
Fortschr Med. 1976 Mar 18;94(9):501-4.
Connections between disturbed functions of liver and mental diseases at all times have been generally supposed as existent and have been discussed in the literature; they should be clarified by means of questionnaire-tests: MPI-test and MMQ-test of Eysenck combined with neurotizism-depression-questionnaire of Hoffmann-La Roche allowed to comprehend the dimensions of personality "neurotizism" and "depressivity". Concerning "neurotizism" statistically significant differences could be found between liver-patients and healthy persons in a tendency to a significant increase among liver-patients, but not between liver-patients with other diseases. The tendency to "depressivity" of healthy persons could be statistically evaluated as being much greater than that of liver-patients; there were no differences between liver-patients and patients with other diseases. That is why liver-patients do not differ psychically from patients suffering from other diseases; they share their reaction to the occurrence of disease - in various degrees until a neurotic lack of active realization of the fact of illness. Liver-diseases apparently are not triggered or caused by special pre-morbid alterations.
肝脏功能紊乱与精神疾病之间的联系一直被普遍认为是存在的，并且在文献中已有讨论；应通过问卷调查测试来阐明这些联系：艾森克的MPI测试和MMQ测试，再结合霍夫曼-罗氏公司的神经质-抑郁问卷，有助于理解人格“神经质”和“抑郁性”的维度。关于“神经质”，在肝病患者与健康人之间发现了具有统计学意义的差异，肝病患者有显著增加的趋势，但在患有其他疾病的肝病患者之间未发现差异。健康人的“抑郁性”倾向经统计学评估比肝病患者大得多；肝病患者与患有其他疾病的患者之间没有差异。这就是为什么肝病患者在心理上与患有其他疾病的患者没有区别；他们对疾病发生的反应是相同的——在不同程度上，直到出现对患病事实的神经质的消极认知。肝脏疾病显然不是由特殊的病前改变引发或导致的。
