Spiga R, Schmitz J, Day J
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998 Apr 1;50(2):157-65. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00020-9.
The effects of nicotine abstinence, ad libitum smoking, and 0, 2, and 4 mg nicotine gum on methadone self-administration were investigated. Five methadone-maintained patients with a history of smoking (18-30 cigarettes/day) were recruited as subjects. Upon arrival expired carbon monoxide levels were measured to confirm self-reported abstinence of 10-12 h. At 30 min prior to the methadone self-administration session, two response options were concurrently available. When a 64-button press requirement (FR64) was completed, 10 ml of 0.054 mg/ml methadone solution, or vehicle, was delivered. Immediately following, and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the self-administration session, expired carbon monoxide levels and typical symptoms of nicotine withdrawal were assessed. Relative to abstinence, subjects consumed more methadone following the 4-mg nicotine gum and ad libitum smoking conditions. Ratings of cigarette craving were significantly less following ad libitum smoking or administration of 4-mg nicotine gum, than following abstinence. Implications for understanding opioid and nicotine interactions are discussed.
研究了尼古丁戒断、随意吸烟以及0毫克、2毫克和4毫克尼古丁口香糖对美沙酮自我给药的影响。招募了5名有吸烟史（每天吸18 - 30支香烟）且正在接受美沙酮维持治疗的患者作为受试者。到达时测量呼出一氧化碳水平，以确认自我报告的10 - 12小时戒断情况。在美沙酮自我给药时段前30分钟，同时提供两种反应选项。当完成64次按键要求（固定比率64）时，给予10毫升0.054毫克/毫升的美沙酮溶液或赋形剂。自我给药时段之后立即以及在该时段后30、60、90和120分钟，评估呼出一氧化碳水平和尼古丁戒断的典型症状。与戒断相比，在使用4毫克尼古丁口香糖和随意吸烟条件下，受试者消耗了更多的美沙酮。与戒断相比，随意吸烟或服用4毫克尼古丁口香糖后，对香烟的渴望评分显著降低。文中讨论了对理解阿片类药物与尼古丁相互作用的意义。
