Lee K S
Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Chonan Hospital, Korea.
Brain Inj. 1998 Jul;12(7):595-603. doi: 10.1080/026990598122359.
Subdural hygroma (SDG) is a common post-traumatic lesion. Despite its common occurrence, the pathogenesis and clinical significance are uncertain. The author reviewed the literature to clarify the present knowledge on the pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this controversial lesion. A trivial trauma can cause a separation of the dura-arachnoid interface, which is the basic requirement for the development of a SDG. If the brain shrinks due to brain atrophy, excessive dehydration or decreased intracranial pressure, fluid collection may develop by a passive effusion. Most SDGs resolve when the brain is well expanded. However, a few SDGs become chronic subdural haematomas, when the necessary conditions persist over several weeks. Since the majority of patients with a SDG do not show a mass effect, surgery is rarely required. Outcome is closely related to the primary head injury not to the SDG itself. The complexity of SDG depends on various factors including the dynamics of absorption and expansion, duration of observation, and indication and rate of surgery, besides variety of the primary head injury in types and severity. SDG is a common epiphenomenon of head injury.
硬膜下积液（SDG）是一种常见的创伤后病变。尽管其发生率较高，但其发病机制和临床意义尚不确定。作者回顾了文献，以阐明关于这一有争议病变的发病、诊断和治疗方面的现有知识。轻微创伤可导致硬脑膜 - 蛛网膜界面分离，这是SDG形成的基本条件。如果大脑因脑萎缩、过度脱水或颅内压降低而萎缩，液体可通过被动渗出而积聚。当大脑充分膨胀时，大多数SDG会消退。然而，当必要条件持续数周时，少数SDG会发展为慢性硬膜下血肿。由于大多数SDG患者没有占位效应，很少需要手术。预后与原发性头部损伤密切相关，而不是与SDG本身相关。SDG的复杂性取决于多种因素，包括吸收和扩张的动态过程、观察时间、手术指征和手术率，以及原发性头部损伤的类型和严重程度的多样性。SDG是头部损伤的常见伴随现象。
