Brazeau G A, Gremillion H A, Widmer C G, Mahan P E, Benson M B, Mauderli A P, Riley J L, Smith C L
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0494, USA.
J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). 1998 May-Jun;38(3):354-61; quiz 362-3. doi: 10.1016/s1086-5802(16)30331-x.
To provide information regarding the current understanding of the etiology and treatment, both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic, of orofacial pain conditions including temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This review briefly discusses the etiology and pathophysiology underlying the development of TMDs, generally accepted nonpharmacologic methods of treatment, and the most common current pharmacologic management approaches.
Current medical literature and the authors' clinical experiences.
TMDs encompass a number of diagnostic subgroups that involve the masticatory musculature, the temporomandibular joint(s), and associated structures. More than 10 million individuals in the United States are affected by TMDs. Most current pharmacologic management approaches in the treatment of orofacial pain conditions, including TMDs, involve the use of antidepressants, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, corticosteroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Inclusion of pharmacists who are knowledgeable in the nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment approaches on the TMD management team would improve therapeutic monitoring, follow-up, and outcomes in these patients.
提供有关目前对口面部疼痛病症（包括颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs））的病因及非药物和药物治疗的认识的信息。本综述简要讨论了TMDs发生发展的病因和病理生理学、普遍认可的非药物治疗方法以及当前最常见的药物治疗方法。
当前医学文献和作者的临床经验。
TMDs包括多个诊断亚组，涉及咀嚼肌、颞下颌关节及相关结构。美国有超过1000万人受TMDs影响。目前治疗口面部疼痛病症（包括TMDs）的大多数药物治疗方法包括使用抗抑郁药、抗惊厥药、肌肉松弛剂、皮质类固醇和非甾体抗炎药。
将熟悉TMDs非药物和药物治疗方法的药剂师纳入TMD管理团队，将改善这些患者的治疗监测、随访及治疗效果。
