Lamparter U
Abteilung für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg.
Versicherungsmedizin. 1998 Jun 1;50(3):104-9.
In a psychosomatic point of view in an overwhelming number of cases sudden deafness is a "response" to strain, which consciously or unconsciously is not assessed as tolerable. Special personal or situational circumstances seem to occur frequently, besides of psychomental strain above all high pressure of responsibility in situations of care, high sensibility and inhibition to show overt aggressive behaviour, which is suppressed by guilt feelings. These findings are used to develop a first idealtypic psychopathogenetic model of sudden deafness. Detecting and talking about the individual psychosocial strain of the patient is very important in the management of the disease and the social-medicine assessments, especially in determining duration of disablement and estimating grade of disability (GdB) in the case of persistent decrease of hearing and tinnitus.
从身心医学的角度来看，在绝大多数情况下，突发性耳聋是对压力的一种“反应”，这种压力在意识或潜意识层面被认为是无法承受的。除了心理精神压力外，特殊的个人或情境因素似乎也经常出现，尤其是在护理情境中高度的责任感、高敏感性以及抑制公开攻击行为的情况，而这种攻击行为会被内疚感所抑制。这些发现被用于构建突发性耳聋的首个理想类型的心理发病机制模型。在疾病管理和社会医学评估中，检测并谈论患者个体的心理社会压力非常重要，尤其是在确定残疾持续时间以及在听力持续下降和耳鸣的情况下评估残疾等级（GdB）时。
